番木瓜籽（番木瓜科）水提物和醇提物的杀卵和杀幼虫活性比较研究。
A comparative study of the ovicidal and larvicidal activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw seeds Carica papaya (Caricaceae) on Heligmosomoides bakeri.
机构信息
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, PO Box 067 Dschang, Cameroon.
出版信息
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011 Jun;4(6):447-50. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60123-5.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the ovicidal and larvicidal activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of pawpaw seeds Carica papaya (Caricaceae) on the eggs and first stage larvae (L(1)) of Heligmosomoides bakeri.
METHODS
Eggs of this parasite were obtained from experimentally infested mice (Mus musculus) and larvae were from eggs after incubation at 25∘C for about 72 hours. The eggs and larvae were exposed to ten different concentrations (0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.75, 2.25 and 2.75 mg/mL) of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts respectively for 72 hours. Distilled water and 0.05% ethanol used as placebo and negative control, respectively.
RESULTS
Placebo and negative control group all showed average 92% embryonnation, 98% egg hatching and 2% larval mortality, and did not affect development and larval survival. The extracts inhibited embryonic development, egg hatching and larval survival. In general, the ovicidal and larvicidal activities increased with increasing concentration of different extracts. The aqueous extract was found to be more potent on eggs than on larvae. At 2.75 mg/mL, only 8% of eggs embryonnated and 50% hatched to L(1) vs 57% embryonic development and 79% hatching occurred in the ethanolic extract. However, this later extract was more efficient in preventing larval development producing 96% mortality as against 68% with the aqueous extract.
CONCLUSIONS
These results shows the ovicidal and larvicidal properties of aqueous and ethanolic pawpaw seeds extracts.
目的
评估番木瓜（Caricaceae）种子的水提物和醇提物对旋毛虫（Heligmosomoides bakeri）卵和第一期幼虫（L(1)）的杀卵和杀幼虫活性。
方法
从经实验感染的小鼠（Mus musculus）中获得该寄生虫的卵，将卵在 25℃孵育约 72 小时后获得幼虫。将卵和幼虫分别暴露于十种不同浓度（0.125、0.25、0.375、0.5、0.75、1.0、1.25、1.75、2.25 和 2.75mg/mL）的水提物和醇提物中 72 小时。蒸馏水和 0.05%乙醇分别用作安慰剂和阴性对照。
结果
安慰剂和阴性对照组的胚胎发育率均为平均 92%，卵孵化率为 98%，幼虫死亡率为 2%，且对幼虫发育和存活率无影响。提取物抑制胚胎发育、卵孵化和幼虫存活。通常，杀卵和杀幼虫活性随不同提取物浓度的增加而增加。水提物对卵的活性强于幼虫。在 2.75mg/mL 时，仅有 8%的卵发育为胚胎，50%孵化至 L(1)，而醇提物则分别有 57%的胚胎发育和 79%的卵孵化。然而，该醇提物在阻止幼虫发育方面更有效，产生 96%的死亡率，而水提物为 68%。
结论
这些结果表明番木瓜的水提物和醇提物具有杀卵和杀幼虫特性。
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