Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany.
Food Funct. 2011 Jan;2(1):63-71. doi: 10.1039/c0fo00125b. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
Burdock (Arcticum lappa L.) roots are used in folk medicine and also as a vegetable in Asian countries especially Japan, Korea, and Thailand. We have used LC-MS(n) (n = 2-4) to detect and characterize in burdock roots 15 quantitatively minor fumaric, succinic, and malic acid-containing chlorogenic acids, 11 of them not previously reported in nature. These comprise 3-succinoyl-4,5-dicaffeoyl or 1-succinoyl-3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-3-succinoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoyl-5-succinoylquinic acid (M(r) 616); 1,3-dicaffeoyl-5-fumaroylquinic acid and 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-fumaroylquinic acid (M(r) 614); 1,5-dicaffeoyl-3-maloylquinic acid, 1,4-dicaffeoyl-3-maloylquinic acid, and 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-maloylquinic acid (M(r) 632); 1,3,5-tricaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid (M(r) 778); 1,5-dicaffeoyl-3,4-disuccinoylquinic acid (M(r) 716); 1,5-dicaffeoyl-3-fumaroyl-4-succinoylquinic acid and 1-fumaroyl-3,5-dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid (M(r) 714); dicaffeoyl-dimaloylquinic acid (M(r) 748); and 1,5-dicaffeoyl-3-succinoyl-4-dimaloylquinic acid (M(r) 732). All the structures have been assigned on the basis of LC-MS(n) patterns of fragmentation, relative hydrophobicity, and analogy of fragmentation patterns if compared to caffeoylquinic acids.
牛蒡根在民间医学中被使用，并且在亚洲国家，特别是日本、韩国和泰国，也被当作蔬菜食用。我们已经使用 LC-MS(n)（n = 2-4）来检测和鉴定牛蒡根中的 15 种定量的微量富马酸、琥珀酸和苹果酸含量的绿原酸，其中 11 种在自然界中尚未有报道。这些包括 3-琥珀酰-4,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸或 1-琥珀酰-3,4-二咖啡酰奎尼酸、1,5-二咖啡酰-3-琥珀酰奎尼酸、1,5-二咖啡酰-4-琥珀酰奎尼酸和 3,4-二咖啡酰-5-琥珀酰奎尼酸（Mr 616）；1,3-二咖啡酰-5-富马酰奎尼酸和 1,5-二咖啡酰-4-富马酰奎尼酸（Mr 614）；1,5-二咖啡酰-3-马来酰奎尼酸、1,4-二咖啡酰-3-马来酰奎尼酸和 1,5-二咖啡酰-4-马来酰奎尼酸（Mr 632）；1,3,5-三咖啡酰-4-琥珀酰奎尼酸（Mr 778）；1,5-二咖啡酰-3,4-二琥珀酰奎尼酸（Mr 716）；1,5-二咖啡酰-3-富马酰-4-琥珀酰奎尼酸和 1-富马酰-3,5-二咖啡酰-4-琥珀酰奎尼酸（Mr 714）；二咖啡酰-二马来酰奎尼酸（Mr 748）；和 1,5-二咖啡酰-3-琥珀酰-4-二马来酰奎尼酸（Mr 732）。所有结构均基于 LC-MS(n) 碎片模式、相对疏水性和与绿原酸碎片模式的相似性进行了分配。
