Borenfreund E, Babich H, Martin-Alguacil N
Laboratory Animal Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021.
In Vitro Cell Dev Biol. 1990 Nov;26(11):1030-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02624436.
Neutral red assay, as an index of cytotoxicity, has been applied to predictive screening of chemotherapeutic agents. Human hepatoma and melanoma tumor cells and normal melanocytes, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts were incubated for 2, 24, and 48 h with graded concentrations of cis-platinum (0.1 to 80 microM), doxorubicin (0.01 to 100 microM), and 5-fluorouracil (1 to 1000 microM). Cells were most sensitive after 48 h. Tumor cells, based on 50% toxicity values, were 2-4 times more sensitive than the normal cells, except for cis-platinum, where only melanoma cells, as compared to normal melanocytes, showed a marked difference in cytotoxic response. Methotrexate (1 to 10 microM) toxicity could be reversed in the presence of 100 microM of leucovorin. This sensitive, rapid, and economical assay is suitable for preclinical screening and drug development.
中性红试验作为细胞毒性指标，已应用于化疗药物的预测性筛选。将人肝癌和黑色素瘤肿瘤细胞以及正常黑素细胞、角质形成细胞和成纤维细胞与不同浓度梯度的顺铂（0.1至80微摩尔）、阿霉素（0.01至100微摩尔）和5-氟尿嘧啶（1至1000微摩尔）孵育2小时、24小时和48小时。细胞在48小时后最为敏感。根据50%毒性值，肿瘤细胞比正常细胞敏感2至4倍，但顺铂除外，在顺铂作用下，只有黑色素瘤细胞与正常黑素细胞相比，在细胞毒性反应上有明显差异。在存在100微摩尔亚叶酸的情况下，甲氨蝶呤（1至10微摩尔）的毒性可被逆转。这种灵敏、快速且经济的试验适用于临床前筛选和药物开发。
