减少抗原暴露后预防医护人员对乳胶的 IgE 致敏。
Prevention of IgE Sensitization to Latex in Health Care Workers After Reduction of Antigen Exposures.
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics (Allergy/Immunology), Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2011 Aug;53(8):934-40. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31822589dc.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate occupational latex allergy in health care workers (HCWs) before and after an intervention designed to reduce latex allergen exposure from gloves.
METHODS
Latex antigen concentrations in work area air ducts were measured before the intervention. Symptoms and latex sensitization were monitored annually before and after the intervention in 805 HCWs, using questionnaires and skin prick testing.
RESULTS
The prevalence of latex sensitization before the intervention correlated with air duct latex antigen measurements, for HCWs exposed to low (9/413, 2%), intermediate (23/292, 8%), and high (11/67, 16%) antigen levels, P < 0.0001. After the intervention, new latex sensitization rates declined 16-fold, and 25% of previously sensitized employees reverted to negative skin tests.
CONCLUSION
Airborne antigen exposure is a major source of latex sensitization among HCWs. Use of powder-free latex gloves markedly reduces the risk of sensitization.
目的
调查干预措施实施前后医护人员（HCWs）的职业性乳胶过敏情况，该干预措施旨在减少手套中乳胶过敏原的暴露。
方法
在干预措施实施前，测量工作区域通风管中的乳胶抗原浓度。在干预措施实施前后，使用问卷调查和皮肤点刺试验，每年监测 805 名 HCWs 的症状和乳胶致敏情况。
结果
干预前乳胶致敏的患病率与通风管乳胶抗原测量值相关，暴露于低（9/413，2%）、中（23/292，8%）和高（11/67，16%）抗原水平的 HCWs 之间存在显著差异，P<0.0001。干预后，新的乳胶致敏率下降了 16 倍，25%的先前致敏的员工皮肤试验转为阴性。
结论
空气中的抗原暴露是 HCWs 乳胶致敏的主要来源。使用无粉乳胶手套可显著降低致敏风险。
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