Shury Todd K, Bergeson Doug
Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7K 5B4.
Vet Med Int. 2011;2011:591980. doi: 10.4061/2011/591980. Epub 2011 Jun 5.
Surveillance for Mycobacterium bovis in free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from south-western Manitoba was carried out from 1997 to 2010 to describe the lesions, epidemiology, and geographic distribution of disease. Tissues were cultured from animals killed by hunters, culled for management, blood-tested, or found opportunistically. Period prevalence in elk was approximately six times higher than deer, suggesting a significant reservoir role for elk, but that infected deer may also be involved. Prevalence was consistently higher in elk compared to deer in a small core area and prevalence declines since 2003 are likely due to a combination of management factors instituted during that time. Older age classes and animals sampled from the core area were at significantly higher risk of being culture positive. Positive elk and deer were more likely to be found through blood testing, opportunistic surveillance, and culling compared to hunting. No non-lesioned, culture-positive elk were detected in this study compared to previous studies in red deer.
1997年至2010年期间，对加拿大马尼托巴省西南部自由放养的驼鹿（Cervus elaphus）和白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus）进行了牛分枝杆菌监测，以描述该病的病变、流行病学和地理分布。组织样本取自被猎人捕杀、因管理目的被扑杀、接受血液检测或偶然发现的动物。驼鹿的期间患病率约为鹿的六倍，这表明驼鹿可能是重要的宿主，但受感染的鹿也可能参与其中。在一个小的核心区域，驼鹿的患病率一直高于鹿，2003年以来患病率下降可能是由于当时采取的综合管理措施。年龄较大的动物以及从核心区域采集的动物样本培养呈阳性的风险显著更高。与通过狩猎相比，通过血液检测、机会性监测和扑杀更有可能发现呈阳性的驼鹿和鹿。与之前对马鹿的研究相比，本研究中未检测到无病变、培养呈阳性的驼鹿。
