Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Bir Dosanjh, Punjab, India.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2011 Jun;65(3):215-28. doi: 10.1080/1745039x.2011.559722.
In this investigation, the effects of feeding encapsulated cells (rhizomycelia and zoospores) of a fibrolytic isolate from an anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastix sp. CF 17) on nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, enzyme profile and growth performance were evaluated in buffaloes. In three in vitro studies, the true digestibility of wheat straw was increased after addition of CF 17 to buffalo rumen fluid (p < 0.05). In Exp. 1, three groups of six buffaloes each (initial BW [body weight] 148 +/- 12.0 kg) were allotted to three dosing regimes: Group 1 received 200 ml of liquid culture of Neocallimastix sp. CF 17 (about 10(6) TFU [thallus-forming units]/ml); Group 2 received an encapsulated culture of the same fungi prepared from 200 ml liquid culture; Group 3: received 200 ml of autoclaved culture (Control). The supplementations were given weekly for four weeks (on days 1,7, 14 and 21). During the dosing period, the average daily gain of Group 2 was higher than in the Control group (444 g/d compared with 264 g/d; p < 0.05). Furthermore, the digestibility of organic matter increased in Group 1 and 2 compared with the Control (64.8, 64.0 and 60.4% respectively; p < 0.05), resulting in an increase in the total digestible nutrient (TDN) percent of ration (p < 0.05). But these effects disappeared post-dosing. There were also an increase in concentration of volatile fatty acids, trichloroacetic acid precipitable N and number of fibrolytic microbes in the rumen during the dosing period (p < 0.05), but these effects declined post-dosing. Results of Exp 2., where the encapsulated culture was applied at intervals of 4 d or 8 d for 120 d, showed that a shorter dosing frequency did not improve growth performance or feed intake. However, independent of the dosing frequency the growth rate of both groups fed the encapsulated culture were about 20% higher than in the Control group (p < 0.05). The present study showed that encapsulated fungi have a high potential to be used as feed additive at the farmers' level and that weekly dosing can increase growth performance of wheat straw based diets.
在这项研究中，我们评估了一种来自于厌氧真菌（Neocallimastix sp. CF 17）的纤维分解菌的包被细胞（菌丝体和游动孢子）对水牛营养消化、瘤胃发酵、微生物种群、酶谱和生长性能的影响。在三项体外研究中，添加 CF 17 后，水牛瘤胃液中小麦秸秆的真消化率增加（p < 0.05）。在实验 1 中，将 6 头水牛分为 3 组，每组 6 头（初始体重 148 ± 12.0 kg），分别进行 3 种给药方案：第 1 组接受 200 ml Neocallimastix sp. CF 17 液体培养物（约 10（6）TFU[形成孢子体单位]/ml）；第 2 组接受相同真菌的包被培养物，由 200 ml 液体培养物制备而成；第 3 组：接受 200 ml 高压灭菌培养物（对照）。每周给药一次，共 4 周（第 1、7、14 和 21 天）。在给药期间，第 2 组的平均日增重高于对照组（444 g/d 比 264 g/d；p < 0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，第 1 组和第 2 组的有机物消化率增加（分别为 64.8、64.0 和 60.4%；p < 0.05），导致日粮总可消化养分（TDN）%增加（p < 0.05）。但这些影响在给药后消失。在给药期间，瘤胃中挥发性脂肪酸、三氯乙酸沉淀 N 和纤维分解微生物的浓度也增加（p < 0.05），但这些影响在给药后下降。在实验 2 中，每隔 4 天或 8 天应用包被培养物 120 天，结果表明较短的给药频率并不能提高生长性能或采食量。然而，无论给药频率如何，两组喂食包被培养物的生长速度都比对照组高出约 20%（p < 0.05）。本研究表明，包被真菌具有作为农民水平饲料添加剂的巨大潜力，每周给药可以提高基于小麦秸秆的日粮的生长性能。
