Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-4591, USA.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Nov;8(11):1177-83. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2011.0873. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Pomegranate juice (PJ) and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts (PP) have antiviral effects against HIV-1, influenza, herpes, and poxviruses, and we recently demonstrated their effect against human noroviral surrogates. In the present study, the time-dependent effects of two commercial brands of PJ and PP at two concentrations (2 and 4 mg/mL) on the infectivity of foodborne viral surrogates (feline calicivirus FCV-F9, murine norovirus MNV-1, and MS2 bacteriophage) at room temperature for up to 1 h were evaluated. Each virus at ∼5 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL was mixed with equal volumes of PJ, or PP at 4 or 8 mg/mL, and incubated for 0, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min at room temperature. Viral titers after each treatment were determined by standardized plaque assays and compared with untreated controls. Virus titer reduction by PJ and PP was found to be a rather rapid process, with ≥50% of titer reduction occurring within the first 20 min of treatment for all three tested viruses. Within the first 20 min, titer reductions of 3.12, 0.79, and 0.23 log(10) PFU/mL for FCV-F9, MNV-1, and MS2, respectively, were obtained using PJ. FCV-F9, MNV-1, and MS2 titers were reduced by 4.02, 0.68, and 0.18 log(10) PFU/mL with 2 mg/mL PP and 5.09, 1.14, and 0.19 log(10) PFU/mL with 4 mg/mL PP, respectively, after 20 min. The mechanism of viral reduction by PJ and PP needs to be elucidated and clinical trials should be undertaken before recommending for therapeutic or preventive purposes.
石榴汁 (PJ) 和石榴多酚提取物 (PP) 对 HIV-1、流感、疱疹和痘病毒具有抗病毒作用，我们最近证明了它们对人类诺如病毒替代物的作用。在本研究中，评估了两种商业品牌的 PJ 和 PP 在两个浓度（2 和 4 mg/mL）下，对室温下长达 1 小时的食源性病原体病毒替代物（猫杯状病毒 FCV-F9、鼠诺如病毒 MNV-1 和 MS2 噬菌体）感染力的时间依赖性影响。每种病毒的 ∼5 log(10) 噬菌斑形成单位 (PFU)/mL 与等体积的 PJ 或 4 或 8 mg/mL 的 PP 混合，在室温下孵育 0、10、20、30、45 和 60 min。用标准化噬菌斑测定法测定每种处理后的病毒滴度，并与未经处理的对照进行比较。结果发现，PJ 和 PP 对病毒滴度的降低是一个相当迅速的过程，对于所有三种测试的病毒，在处理的前 20 分钟内，病毒滴度降低了≥50%。在最初的 20 分钟内，使用 PJ 分别获得了 FCV-F9、MNV-1 和 MS2 的病毒滴度降低 3.12、0.79 和 0.23 log(10) PFU/mL。用 2 mg/mL PP 处理后，FCV-F9、MNV-1 和 MS2 的病毒滴度分别降低了 4.02、0.68 和 0.18 log(10) PFU/mL，用 4 mg/mL PP 处理后，分别降低了 5.09、1.14 和 0.19 log(10) PFU/mL。PJ 和 PP 降低病毒的机制需要阐明，在推荐用于治疗或预防目的之前，应该进行临床试验。
