Freie Universität Berlin, Health Psychology, Habelschwerdter Allee 45 (PF 10), 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Prev Med. 2011 Sep;53(3):182-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.06.019. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
The primary objective of this study was to unveil the mechanisms by which an exercise self-regulation intervention affects physical exercise in a rehabilitation context. The second aim was to investigate whether the intervention led to changes in fruit and vegetable intake that was not targeted in the intervention. Finally, it was tested whether changes in exercise habit strength may explain such a transfer effect.
A quasi-experimental design was conducted in Germany between 2009 and 2011 with 725 rehabilitation patients. Patients received either a self-regulation intervention or an online questionnaire. Six weeks after discharge, self-reported changes in exercise and dietary behaviors, exercise habit strength, and cognitions were measured. QUANTITATIVE RESULTS: The exercise self-regulation intervention led to a higher increment in exercise behavior, exercise habit strength, and fruit and vegetable intake than the control condition. Changes in physical exercise were mediated by changes in action control (slope=0.04; 99% CI=0.01 to 0.06) and satisfaction (slope=0.05; 99% CI:=0.02 to 0.08), but not in action planning. Changes in fruit and vegetable intake were mediated by changes in exercise habit strength (slope=0.05; 99% CI=0.01 to 0.08).
Interventions could be optimized if they aim at fostering exercise habits. This in turn may also facilitate transfer effects from one health behavior to the other.
本研究的主要目的是揭示运动自我调节干预在康复环境中影响体育锻炼的机制。第二个目的是调查干预是否导致了干预未针对的水果和蔬菜摄入量的变化。最后，测试了运动习惯强度的变化是否可以解释这种转移效应。
2009 年至 2011 年在德国进行了一项准实验设计，共有 725 名康复患者参与。患者接受自我调节干预或在线问卷。出院后 6 周，测量了运动和饮食行为、运动习惯强度和认知的自我报告变化。
运动自我调节干预导致运动行为、运动习惯强度和水果和蔬菜摄入量的增加高于对照组。身体活动的变化是由行动控制（斜率=0.04；99%置信区间=0.01 至 0.06）和满意度（斜率=0.05；99%置信区间=0.02 至 0.08）的变化介导的，但不是由行动计划介导的。水果和蔬菜摄入量的变化是由运动习惯强度的变化介导的（斜率=0.05；99%置信区间=0.01 至 0.08）。
如果干预措施旨在培养运动习惯，那么干预措施可以得到优化。这反过来也可能促进从一种健康行为到另一种健康行为的转移效应。
