Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5075, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Sep;101(3):638-52. doi: 10.1037/a0024292.
The present research tested the proposition that nostalgia serves an existential function by bolstering a sense of meaning in life. Study 1 found that nostalgia was positively associated with a sense of meaning in life. Study 2 experimentally demonstrated that nostalgia increases a sense of meaning in life. In both studies, the link between nostalgia and increased meaning in life was mediated by feelings of social connectedness. Study 3 evidenced that threatened meaning increases nostalgia. Study 4 illustrated that nostalgia, in turn, reduces defensiveness following a meaning threat. Finally, Studies 5 and 6 showed that nostalgia disrupts the link between meaning deficits and compromised psychological well-being. Collectively, these findings indicate that the provision of existential meaning is a pivotal function of nostalgia.
本研究检验了怀旧通过增强生活意义感来发挥存在功能的假设。研究 1 发现，怀旧与生活意义感呈正相关。研究 2 通过实验证明，怀旧会增加生活意义感。在这两项研究中，怀旧与生活意义感增强之间的联系是通过社交联系感来介导的。研究 3 证明，受到威胁的意义感会增加怀旧情绪。研究 4 表明，怀旧情绪反过来会降低意义受到威胁后的防御心理。最后，研究 5 和研究 6 表明，怀旧情绪会破坏意义缺失与心理健康受损之间的联系。综上所述，这些发现表明，提供存在意义是怀旧的一个关键功能。
