Laboratorio de Toxicología, Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, s/n. Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Jan;29(1):39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.09.004. Epub 2009 Sep 13.
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely used in Mexico where it is sold over the counter. It enters water bodies through municipal and industrial discharges, posing a risk to water systems and aquatic organisms. Diclofenac-enriched artificial sediment was used to evaluate the toxicity of this pharmaceutical on the sentinel species Hyalella azteca, using oxidative stress biomarkers in order to determine if the set of tests used in this study is a suitable early damage biomarker. The median lethal concentration (72-h LC(50)) was determined and oxidative stress was evaluated using lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content to evaluate oxidized protein content, and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. All biomarkers were significantly altered. Diclofenac induces oxidative stress in H. azteca and the set of tests used (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, antioxidant enzyme activities) constitutes an adequate early damage biomarker for evaluating the toxicity of this pharmaceutical group in aquatic species.
双氯芬酸是一种在墨西哥广泛使用的非甾体抗炎药，可在药店无需处方购买。它通过市政和工业污水排放进入水体，对水系统和水生生物构成威胁。本研究使用富含双氯芬酸的人工沉积物来评估这种药物对指示物种霍氏沼虾的毒性，使用氧化应激生物标志物来确定本研究中使用的一组测试是否是一种合适的早期损伤生物标志物。测定了半数致死浓度（72 小时 LC50），并通过脂质过氧化、用于评估氧化蛋白含量的蛋白质羰基含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性来评估氧化应激。所有生物标志物均发生显著改变。双氯芬酸诱导霍氏沼虾产生氧化应激，所使用的测试组合（脂质过氧化、蛋白质羰基含量、抗氧化酶活性）构成了评估该药物对水生物种毒性的合适早期损伤生物标志物。
