Biomarker responses in the bivalve (Chlamys farreri) to exposure of the environmentally relevant concentrations of lead, mercury, copper.

Water samples collected from Bohai Bay were determined to describe the distributions of lead, mercury, and copper in this area, indicating that mean values of the three metals were 1.63μg/L, 4.85×10(-2)μg/L, and 2.68μg/L, respectively. Only lead exceeded the first class limit of seawater quality standard in China. Then, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and metabolic enzymes were investigated in bivalves (Chlamys farreri), exposed to three metals at the environmental concentration levels obtained from our investigation. Significantly reduced SOD, CAT and GPx activities, in lead-exposed group were observed and resulted in obvious lipid peroxidation. In contrast, mercury and copper did not show such clear oxidative stresses. In consistent with the oxidative stress variations, exposed only to lead caused a great inhibition on EROD activity. Multi-biomarker responses in bivalve when exposed to lead at the environmentally relevant concentration in Bohai Bay suggested that lead may possess a potential risk in this area.