连线测验表现涉及哪些认知能力？
What cognitive abilities are involved in trail-making performance?
作者信息
Salthouse Timothy A
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 29904.
出版信息
Intelligence. 2011 Jul;39(4):222-232. doi: 10.1016/j.intell.2011.03.001.
Abstract
The cognitive abilities involved in the Connections (Salthouse, et al., 2000) version of the trail making test were investigated by administering the test, along with a battery of cognitive tests and tests of complex span and updating conceptualizations of working memory, to a sample of over 3,600 adults. The results indicate that this variant of the trail making test largely reflects individual differences in speed and fluid cognitive abilities, with the relative contributions of the two abilities varying according to particular measure of performance considered (e.g., difference, ratio, residual). Relations of age on trail making performance were also examined. Although strong age differences were evident in the Connections and working memory measures, with both sets of variables there was nearly complete overlap of the age differences with individual differences in speed and fluid cognitive abilities.
摘要
通过对3600多名成年人进行连线测验（康奈斯版本，索尔特豪斯等人，2000年）以及一系列认知测试、复杂广度测试和工作记忆更新概念测试，对该测验所涉及的认知能力进行了研究。结果表明，这种连线测验变体在很大程度上反映了速度和流体认知能力方面的个体差异，这两种能力的相对贡献会根据所考虑的特定表现测量指标（如差异、比率、残差）而有所不同。还考察了年龄与连线测验表现之间的关系。尽管在康奈斯和工作记忆测量中年龄差异很明显，但在这两组变量中，年龄差异与速度和流体认知能力的个体差异几乎完全重叠。
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