de Almeida Fernando Antonio, Konigsfeld Henrique Pinheiro, Machado Lígia Maria de Oliveira, Canadas Andréa Farias, Issa Evelyn Yuri Okumura, Giordano Roberto Hernandes, Cadaval Ricardo Augusto de Miranda
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Saúde of Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Cornell University Medical College, São Paulo.faalmeida@globo. com
J Bras Nefrol. 2011 Apr-Jun;33(2):142-9.
The high prevalence of hypertension in high school students in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil, has already been described. In this study, within a new sample of high school students from public and private schools, we evaluated if socioeconomic and lifestyle influence on blood pressure values.
This is an epidemiological study, which is part of the activities of a community-based work conducted by medical students. They give speeches to high school students aiming at stimulating a healthy lifestyle and primary prevention of hypertension. In a random sample of 410 students in junior high school (209 from public schools and 201 from private schools), we determined the weight, height, and blood pressure, furthermore, a questionnaire identifying epidemiological and socioeconomic status was applied.
No statistical differences were found among students from public and private schools regarding the distribution of gender, body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, prevalence of hypertension (16.3%), percentage of smokers (5.9%), regular physical activity, and family history of hypertension. In public schools, there is a higher percentage of African descendents students and a higher percentage of students who also work due to low family income. Men from public and private schools have higher prevalence of hypertension, and their mean blood pressure is higher than in women. BMI has a positive correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors have an early beginning and require educational interventions for primary prevention. Socioeconomic factors do not affect blood pressure in adolescence.
巴西圣保罗州索罗卡巴市高中生高血压的高患病率已有相关描述。在本研究中，我们在来自公立和私立学校的高中生新样本中，评估了社会经济因素和生活方式对血压值的影响。
这是一项流行病学研究，是医学生开展的社区工作活动的一部分。他们向高中生发表演讲，旨在倡导健康的生活方式和高血压的一级预防。在一个由410名初中生组成的随机样本中（209名来自公立学校，201名来自私立学校），我们测定了体重、身高和血压，此外，还应用了一份确定流行病学和社会经济状况的问卷。
公立和私立学校的学生在性别分布、体重指数（BMI）、收缩压和舒张压、高血压患病率（16.3%）、吸烟者百分比（5.9%）、规律体育活动以及高血压家族史方面未发现统计学差异。在公立学校，非洲裔学生的比例较高，且因家庭收入低而同时工作的学生比例也较高。公立和私立学校的男性高血压患病率较高，其平均血压高于女性。BMI与收缩压和舒张压呈正相关。
高血压和其他心血管危险因素在早期就已出现，需要进行教育干预以进行一级预防。社会经济因素在青春期不影响血压。
