Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611-8440, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Jul 1;107(1):014301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.014301. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Near-field radiation allows heat to propagate across a small vacuum gap at rates several orders of magnitude above that of far-field, blackbody radiation. Although heat transfer via near-field effects has been discussed for many years, experimental verification of this theory has been very limited. We have measured the heat transfer between two macroscopic sapphire plates, finding an increase in agreement with expectations from theory. These experiments, conducted near 300 K, have measured the heat transfer as a function of separation over mm to μm and as a function of temperature differences between 2.5 and 30 K. The experiments demonstrate that evanescence can be put to work to transfer heat from an object without actually touching it.
近场辐射使得热量在小真空间隙中的传播速度比远场黑体辐射高出几个数量级。尽管近场效应的热传递已经讨论了很多年，但对这一理论的实验验证却非常有限。我们已经测量了两块宏观蓝宝石之间的热传递，发现实验结果与理论预期非常吻合。这些在接近 300K 的温度下进行的实验，测量了在 mm 到 μm 的分离距离以及 2.5 到 30K 的温差范围内的热传递。这些实验证明，即使不实际接触物体，也可以利用消逝波来传递热量。
