Kore A M, Kiesche-Nesselrodt A
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign College of Veterinary Medicine.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990 Mar;20(2):525-37. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(90)50043-1.
Hundreds of different household cleaning products are available in homes, presenting potential hazards to pets. These products are complex mixtures of chemicals that vary widely in their toxic potential. Prevention of toxicoses in companion animals follows the same guidelines as those recommended for children: Keep cleaning products out of the reach of pets, do not leave open containers or solutions of cleaning products unattended where animals may get into them, make sure containers of cleaning products are tightly sealed and properly labeled, and dispose of any cleaning solutions promptly after use. If a companion animal has ingested or spilled a cleaning product or disinfectant on itself, it is very important to assess the potential hazard to the animal promptly. Many products contain warnings regarding the corrosive or irritation potential of the product and instructions on the label for preliminary action in the case of accidental oral, dermal, or ocular exposures in humans. These instructions can generally be followed initially until further information on the product can be obtained, although the recommendations on some product labels may be outdated. In general, the clinical management for toxicoses caused by cleaning products and disinfectants involves the prevention of further contact with the concentrated product through either dilution or bathing; emergency stabilization of the patient if clinical signs are present; instituting specific therapies, if available; and use of general supportive care.
家庭中可获得数百种不同的家用清洁产品，这对宠物构成了潜在危害。这些产品是化学成分的复杂混合物，其毒性潜力差异很大。预防伴侣动物中毒遵循与儿童相同的指导原则：将清洁产品放在宠物够不到的地方，不要让清洁产品的敞口容器或溶液无人看管，以免动物接触到，确保清洁产品容器密封良好并正确标注，使用后及时处理任何清洁溶液。如果伴侣动物摄入或在自己身上溅到清洁产品或消毒剂，及时评估对动物的潜在危害非常重要。许多产品都有关于产品腐蚀性或刺激性的警告，以及在人类意外经口、皮肤或眼部接触情况下的初步处理标签说明。在获得更多关于该产品的信息之前，通常可以先遵循这些说明，尽管一些产品标签上的建议可能过时。一般来说，清洁产品和消毒剂中毒的临床处理包括通过稀释或洗澡防止进一步接触浓缩产品；如果出现临床症状，对患者进行紧急稳定处理；如有可用的特定疗法，进行治疗；以及使用一般支持性护理。
