Ophthalmic Service, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, IISPV, Universidad Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Oct;94(1):126-32. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.07.004. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
To determine the 10-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema (DME), and its relationship with its risk factors in a sample of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
A total of 334 patients without diabetic retinopathy at baseline underwent a 10-year prospective study, the risk factors included: age, gender, diabetes duration, HbA1c, LDL-C, HDl-C, TC/HDL-C ratio, ApoA1, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, and triglycerides were recorded. Risk factors for diabetic macular edema (DME) were also recorded.
The 10-year incidence of any DR was 35.90%, and 11.07% developed DME. The risk factors for DR and DME were: diabetes duration, high glycosylated level, and arterial hypertension, and overt nephropathy was well correlated with DME. The lipid study demonstrated that ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was significant for any DR [HRR: 0.594 (0.416-0.848), p=0.01], and DME [HRR: 0.601 (0.433-0.894), p=0.009]. The TC/HDL ratio was only significant for DME [HRR: 0.624 (0.440-0.886), p=0.008]; other lipids values were not significant for any groups studied.
In the present study, the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was significant to the 10-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and to macular edema; and the TC/HDL ratio was significant to a 10-year incidence of macular edema.
确定 10 年内糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）和黄斑水肿（DME）的发生率及其与 1 型糖尿病患者的风险因素的关系。
本研究共纳入 334 例基线时无糖尿病视网膜病变的患者，进行了 10 年的前瞻性研究，包括年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、HbA1c、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC/HDL-C 比值、ApoA1、ApoB、ApoB/ApoA1 比值和三酰甘油。还记录了糖尿病性黄斑水肿（DME）的风险因素。
任何 DR 的 10 年累积发生率为 35.90%，11.07%发生 DME。DR 和 DME 的风险因素为：糖尿病病程、高糖水平和动脉高血压，显性肾病与 DME 密切相关。脂质研究表明，ApoB/ApoA1 比值对任何 DR [HRR：0.594（0.416-0.848），p=0.01]和 DME [HRR：0.601（0.433-0.894），p=0.009]均有显著意义。TC/HDL 比值仅对 DME 有显著意义[HRR：0.624（0.440-0.886），p=0.008]；其他脂质值对所研究的任何组均无显著意义。
在本研究中，ApoB/ApoA1 比值与糖尿病视网膜病变和黄斑水肿的 10 年发生率显著相关；TC/HDL 比值与黄斑水肿的 10 年发生率显著相关。
