The Cancer Immunobiology Center, Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2012;357:259-72. doi: 10.1007/82_2011_156.
In this chapter we discuss vaccines to protect against the highly toxic plant-derived toxin, ricin. Due to its prevalence, ease of use, and stability it has been used in sporadic incidents of espionage. There is also concern that it will be used as an agent of bioterrorism. As a result there has been a great deal of interest in developing a safe vaccine or antidote to protect humans, and in particular soldiers and first responders. Although multiple types of vaccines have been tested, at this time two recombinant vaccines are the leading candidates for the national vaccine stockpile. In terms of passive post-exposure protection, monoclonal neutralizing antibodies that passively protect animals are also under development. These vaccines and antibodies are discussed in the context of the toxicity and structure of ricin.
在本章中，我们讨论了预防剧毒植物源性毒素蓖麻毒素的疫苗。由于其广泛存在、易于使用和稳定性，它已在一些间谍活动中被零星使用。人们还担心它将被用作生物恐怖主义的手段。因此，人们非常关注开发一种安全的疫苗或解毒剂来保护人类，特别是士兵和急救人员。尽管已经测试了多种类型的疫苗，但目前有两种重组疫苗是国家疫苗储备的首选。在被动暴露后保护方面，正在开发可被动保护动物的单克隆中和抗体。这些疫苗和抗体是在蓖麻毒素的毒性和结构的背景下讨论的。
