Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Canada.
Hum Mov Sci. 2012 Feb;31(1):101-17. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2011.04.004. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
Gaze of elite (E) and rookie (R) officers were analyzed as they faced a potentially lethal encounter that required use of a handgun, or inhibition of the shot when a cell phone was drawn. The E shot more accurately than the R (E 74.60%; R 53.80%) and made fewer decisions errors in the cell condition when 18.50% of E and 61.50% of R fired at the assailant. E and R did not differ in duration of the draw/aim/fire phases, but the R's motor onsets were later, during the final second compared to the E's final 2.5 s. Across the final six fixations the E increased the percent of fixations on the assailant's weapon/cell to 71% and to 86% on hits, compared to a high of 34% for the R. Before firing, the R made a rapid saccade to their own weapon on 84% of trials leading to a failure to fixate the assailant on 50% of trials as they fired. Compared to the R, the E had a longer quiet eye duration on the assailant's weapon/cell prior to firing. The results provide new insights into officer weapon focus, firearms training and the role of optimal gaze control when under extreme pressure.
精英（E）和新手（R）警官在面对需要使用手枪的致命遭遇或在手机被拔出时抑制射击时的注视被分析。当 18.50%的 E 和 61.50%的 R 向攻击者开火时，E 的射击精度高于 R（E 74.60%；R 53.80%），并且在手机条件下做出的决策错误更少。E 和 R 在抽枪/瞄准/射击阶段的持续时间上没有差异，但 R 的运动起始时间较晚，在最后 2 秒与 E 的最后 2.5 秒相比。在最后六个注视点中，E 将注视攻击者的武器/手机的百分比增加到 71%，在命中时增加到 86%，而 R 的最高百分比为 34%。在开火之前，R 在 84%的试验中快速扫视到自己的武器，导致在 50%的试验中未能注视攻击者，因为他们开火了。与 R 相比，E 在开火前对攻击者的武器/手机的安静注视时间更长。这些结果为警官的武器专注、枪支训练以及在极端压力下优化注视控制的作用提供了新的见解。
