Nieuwenhuys Arne, Oudejans Raôul R D
Research Institute MOVE, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorstraat, The Netherlands.
Cogn Process. 2011 Aug;12(3):277-88. doi: 10.1007/s10339-011-0396-x. Epub 2011 Mar 24.
We investigated short- and long-term effects of training with anxiety on police officers' shooting behavior under pressure. Using a pretest, posttest, and retention test design, 27 police officers executed a shooting exercise against an opponent that did (high anxiety) or did not (low anxiety) shoot back using colored soap cartridges. During the training sessions, the experimental group practiced with anxiety and the control group practiced without anxiety. At the pretest, anxiety had a negative effect on shot accuracy for both groups. At the posttest, shot accuracy of the experimental group no longer deteriorated under anxiety, while shot accuracy of the control group was still equally affected. At the retention test, 4 months after training, positive results for the experimental group remained present, indicating that training with anxiety may have positive short- and long-term effects on police officers' shot accuracy under pressure. Additional analyses showed that these effects are potentially related to changes in visual attention on task-relevant information.
我们研究了在有焦虑情境下进行训练对警察在压力下射击行为的短期和长期影响。采用前测、后测和留存测试设计，27名警察针对使用彩色肥皂弹回射（高焦虑）或不回射（低焦虑）的对手进行射击练习。在训练期间，实验组在有焦虑的情况下进行练习，对照组在无焦虑的情况下进行练习。在前测时，焦虑对两组的射击准确性都有负面影响。在后测时，实验组在焦虑情况下射击准确性不再下降，而对照组的射击准确性仍受到同等影响。在训练4个月后的留存测试中，实验组仍保持良好结果，表明在有焦虑情境下进行训练可能对警察在压力下的射击准确性产生短期和长期的积极影响。进一步分析表明，这些影响可能与对任务相关信息的视觉注意力变化有关。
