Diabetes Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Environ Health. 2011 Aug 4;10:70. doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-10-70.
Complaints of arms, neck and shoulders (CANS) is common among computer office workers. We evaluated an aetiological model with physical/psychosocial risk-factors.
We invited 2,500 computer office workers for the study. Data on prevalence and risk-factors of CANS were collected by validated Maastricht-Upper-extremity-Questionnaire. Workstations were evaluated by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Visual-Display-Terminal workstation-checklist. Participants' knowledge and awareness was evaluated by a set of expert-validated questions. A binary logistic regression analysis investigated relationships/correlations between risk-factors and symptoms.
Sample size was 2,210. Mean age 30.8 ± 8.1 years, 50.8% were males. The 1-year prevalence of CANS was 56.9%, commonest region of complaint was forearm/hand (42.6%), followed by neck (36.7%) and shoulder/arm (32.0%). In those with CANS, 22.7% had taken treatment from a health care professional, only in 1.1% seeking medical advice an occupation-related injury had been suspected/diagnosed. In addition 9.3% reported CANS-related absenteeism from work, while 15.4% reported CANS causing disruption of normal activities. A majority of evaluated workstations in all participants (88.4%,) and in those with CANS (91.9%) had OSHA non-compliant workstations. In the binary logistic regression analyses female gender, daily computer usage, incorrect body posture, bad work-habits, work overload, poor social support and poor ergonomic knowledge were associated with CANS and its' severity In a multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for age, gender and duration of occupation, incorrect body posture, bad work-habits and daily computer usage were significant independent predictors of CANS.
The prevalence of work-related CANS among computer office workers in Sri Lanka, a developing, South Asian country is high and comparable to prevalence in developed countries. Work-related physical factors, psychosocial factors and lack of awareness were all important associations of CANS and effective preventive strategies need to address all three areas.
手臂、颈部和肩部疼痛（CANS）是计算机办公人员常见的问题。我们评估了一个包含生理/心理社会风险因素的病因模型。
我们邀请了 2500 名计算机办公人员参与这项研究。使用经过验证的马斯特里赫特上肢问卷收集 CANS 的患病率和风险因素数据。通过职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）的视觉显示终端工作站检查表评估工作站。通过一组专家验证的问题评估参与者的知识和意识。使用二元逻辑回归分析调查了风险因素与症状之间的关系/相关性。
样本量为 2210 人。平均年龄为 30.8±8.1 岁，50.8%为男性。CANS 的 1 年患病率为 56.9%，最常见的疼痛部位是前臂/手部（42.6%），其次是颈部（36.7%）和肩部/手臂（32.0%）。在患有 CANS 的人群中，有 22.7%的人曾向医疗保健专业人员寻求治疗，只有 1.1%的人因疑似/诊断与职业相关的伤害而寻求医疗建议。此外，有 9.3%的人报告因 CANS 缺勤，而 15.4%的人报告 CANS 导致正常活动中断。在所有参与者（88.4%）和患有 CANS 的参与者（91.9%）中，大多数评估的工作站都不符合 OSHA 的要求。在二元逻辑回归分析中，女性、每天使用计算机、不正确的身体姿势、不良的工作习惯、工作超负荷、社会支持差和缺乏人体工程学知识与 CANS 及其严重程度相关。在控制年龄、性别和职业年限的多因素逻辑回归分析中，不正确的身体姿势、不良的工作习惯和每天使用计算机是 CANS 的重要独立预测因素。
在斯里兰卡，一个发展中国家，南亚国家，计算机办公人员中与工作相关的 CANS 患病率很高，与发达国家相当。与工作相关的生理因素、心理社会因素和缺乏意识都是 CANS 的重要关联因素，有效的预防策略需要同时解决这三个方面。
