Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Addict Behav. 2011 Dec;36(12):1111-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.07.007. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
To identify and describe screening instruments for detecting illicit drug use/abuse that are appropriate for use in general hospital wards and review evidence for reliability, validity, feasibility and acceptability.
Instruments were identified from a number of screening instrument databases/libraries and Google Scholar. They were independently assessed for eligibility by two reviewers. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCINFO, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published up to February 2010. Two reviewers independently assessed the identified articles for eligibility and extracted data from the eligible studies.
13 instruments, ASSIST, CAGE-AID, DAST, DHQ/PDHQ, DUDIT, DUS, NMASSIST, SIP-AD, SDS, SMAST-AID, SSI-SA, TICS and UNCOPE were included in the review. They had 2 to 28 items and took less than 10 min to administer and score. Evidence on validity, reliability, acceptability and feasibility of instruments in adult patients not known to have a substance abuse problem was scarce. Of the 21 studies included in the review, only one included participants from general hospital wards. Reported sensitivity, specificity and predictive values varied widely both between studies of the same instrument and also between different instruments. No study was identified comparing two or more of the included instruments.
The review identified and described 13 instruments that could be useful in general hospital wards. There is however lack of evaluation of illicit drug use screening instruments in general hospital wards. Currently clinicians or researchers searching for a simple, reliable, general screening instrument for current drug use to guide practice or research in general hospital wards do not have enough comparative evidence to choose between the available measures.
识别和描述适用于综合医院病房的检测非法药物使用/滥用的筛查工具，并回顾其可靠性、有效性、可行性和可接受性的证据。
从多个筛查工具数据库/库和 Google Scholar 中识别工具。两名评审员独立评估其是否符合入选标准。搜索了截至 2010 年 2 月发表的文章的 MEDLINE、EMBASE、PSYCINFO 和 Cochrane 图书馆。两名评审员独立评估了已确定的文章的入选标准，并从合格的研究中提取数据。
纳入了 13 种工具，即 ASSIST、CAGE-AID、DAST、DHQ/PDHQ、DUDIT、DUS、NMASSIST、SIP-AD、SDS、SMAST-AID、SSI-SA、TICS 和 UNCOPE。它们有 2 到 28 个项目，管理和评分不到 10 分钟。在不知道有药物滥用问题的成年患者中，关于这些工具的有效性、可靠性、可接受性和可行性的证据很少。在审查中包括的 21 项研究中，只有一项研究包括来自综合医院病房的参与者。报告的敏感性、特异性和预测值在同一工具的研究之间以及不同工具之间差异很大。没有研究比较过包括的工具中的两个或更多。
本综述确定并描述了 13 种可在综合医院病房中使用的工具。然而，在综合医院病房中评估非法药物使用筛查工具的工作却缺乏。目前，临床医生或研究人员在寻找一种简单、可靠、通用的当前药物使用筛查工具来指导综合医院病房的实践或研究时，没有足够的比较证据来在可用的措施之间进行选择。
