URMITE -CNRS UMR 6236 IRD 198, IFR 48, Faculté de Médecine, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, Marseille, France.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2012 Jun;36(6):817-25. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.153. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
Obesity is associated with increased health risk and has been associated with alterations in bacterial gut microbiota, with mainly a reduction in Bacteroidetes, but few data exist at the genus and species level. It has been reported that the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genus representatives may have a critical role in weight regulation as an anti-obesity effect in experimental models and humans, or as a growth-promoter effect in agriculture depending on the strains.
To confirm reported gut alterations and test whether Lactobacillus or Bifidobacterium species found in the human gut are associated with obesity or lean status, we analyzed the stools of 68 obese and 47 controls targeting Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Methanobrevibacter smithii, Lactococcus lactis, Bifidobacterium animalis and seven species of Lactobacillus by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and culture on a Lactobacillus-selective medium.
In qPCR, B. animalis (odds ratio (OR)=0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-1.01; P=0.056) and M. smithii (OR=0.76; 95% CI 0.59-0.97; P=0.03) were associated with normal weight whereas Lactobacillus reuteri (OR=1.79; 95% CI 1.03-3.10; P=0.04) was associated with obesity.
The gut microbiota associated with human obesity is depleted in M. smithii. Some Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species were associated with normal weight (B. animalis) while others (L. reuteri) were associated with obesity. Therefore, gut microbiota composition at the species level is related to body weight and obesity, which might be of relevance for further studies and the management of obesity. These results must be considered cautiously because it is the first study to date that links specific species of Lactobacillus with obesity in humans.
肥胖与健康风险增加有关，并且与肠道细菌菌群的改变有关，主要是拟杆菌减少，但在属和种水平上的数据很少。据报道，乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的代表可能在体重调节中发挥关键作用，具有抗肥胖作用，在实验模型和人类中，或者作为农业的生长促进作用，这取决于菌株。
为了证实报告的肠道改变，并测试人类肠道中发现的乳杆菌属或双歧杆菌属是否与肥胖或瘦体状态有关，我们针对厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、产甲烷短杆菌、乳酸乳球菌、动物双歧杆菌和七种乳杆菌属，对 68 名肥胖者和 47 名对照者的粪便进行了定量 PCR（qPCR）分析，并在乳杆菌选择性培养基上进行了培养。
在 qPCR 中，动物双歧杆菌（比值比（OR）=0.63；95%置信区间（CI）0.39-1.01；P=0.056）和产甲烷短杆菌（OR=0.76；95%CI 0.59-0.97；P=0.03）与正常体重有关，而乳酸乳球菌（OR=1.79；95%CI 1.03-3.10；P=0.04）与肥胖有关。
与人类肥胖相关的肠道微生物群中缺少产甲烷短杆菌。一些双歧杆菌或乳杆菌与正常体重有关（动物双歧杆菌），而其他（罗伊氏乳杆菌）与肥胖有关。因此，种水平上的肠道微生物群组成与体重和肥胖有关，这可能对进一步的研究和肥胖的管理具有重要意义。这些结果必须谨慎考虑，因为这是迄今为止第一项将特定的乳杆菌属与人类肥胖联系起来的研究。
