Health Promotion & Policy Research Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Obes Rev. 2011 Dec;12(12):1022-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00918.x. Epub 2011 Aug 10.
Drawing on submissions to the 2006-2007 New Zealand Inquiry into Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, this article outlines how the food and marketing industries (industry) and the public health sector framed the issue of obesity. The analysis revealed that industry framed obesity as a consequence of poor lifestyle choices attributed largely to knowledge, cultural or other character deficits. Industry argued that lack of physical activity rather than increased food consumption was the dominant cause of obesity. In contrast, public health groups positioned obesity as a normal response to an obesogenic environment, characterized by the ubiquitous marketing and availability of low-cost, energy-dense/nutrient-poor foods. For public health groups, increased consumption of energy-dense/nutrient-poor foods was positioned as the dominant cause of obesity. Many public health submitters also suggested that social inequalities contributed to obesity. Industry emphasized education as the key solution to obesity, while public health groups argued for regulation of the activities of the food and marketing industries, and policies to address wider determinants of health and social inequalities. Identifying and documenting these frames, by making transparent the interests of the frame's sponsors, contributes to greater understanding of the wider policy context around obesity and provides useful information for public health advocacy.
本文借鉴了 2006-2007 年新西兰肥胖和 2 型糖尿病调查的提交材料，概述了食品和营销行业（行业）和公共卫生部门如何构建肥胖问题的框架。分析表明，行业将肥胖定义为生活方式选择不佳的结果，主要归因于知识、文化或其他性格缺陷。行业认为，缺乏体力活动而不是食物摄入增加是肥胖的主要原因。相比之下，公共卫生团体将肥胖定位为对肥胖环境的正常反应，其特点是无处不在的营销和提供低成本、高能量/低营养食品。对于公共卫生团体来说，高能量/低营养食品的消费增加被认为是肥胖的主要原因。许多公共卫生提交人还认为，社会不平等也是导致肥胖的原因。行业强调教育是解决肥胖问题的关键，而公共卫生团体则主张对食品和营销行业的活动进行监管，并制定政策来解决健康和社会不平等的更广泛决定因素。通过使框架赞助商的利益透明化，识别和记录这些框架有助于更好地理解肥胖问题的更广泛政策背景，并为公共卫生宣传提供有用的信息。
