Rankin K Vendrell
Department of Public Health Sciences, Baylor College of Dentistry-Texas A&M Health Science Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Tex Dent J. 2011 May;128(5):441-5.
Hookah smoking has recently emerged as a popular alternative to cigarette smoking, particularly among young adults. The perception that hookah smoking is cleaner and less harmful than cigarette smoking appears to be key to its increased use, although this is not the case. Hookah tobacco smoking delivers the powerful addictive drug nicotine, higher levels of carbon monoxide than a cigarette as well as many of the carcinogens in cigarette smoke. There is also significantly increased risk associated with secondhand smoke from hookah smoke. Communal hookah use increases the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Transition from social to individual hookah use is a critical step toward nicotine dependence as well as progression to cigarette use. Prevention and intervention in patients' tobacco use should include discussion of cigarette alternatives including hookah smoking.
水烟吸食最近已成为一种流行的吸烟替代方式，尤其在年轻人中。认为水烟吸食比吸烟更清洁、危害更小的观念似乎是其使用增加的关键因素，尽管事实并非如此。吸食水烟会摄入强效成瘾药物尼古丁，产生比香烟更高水平的一氧化碳以及香烟烟雾中的许多致癌物。水烟烟雾产生的二手烟相关风险也显著增加。多人共用同一水烟会增加传染病传播风险。从社交性水烟使用转变为个人水烟使用是迈向尼古丁依赖以及发展为吸食香烟的关键一步。对患者烟草使用的预防和干预应包括讨论包括水烟吸食在内的香烟替代方式。
