Zahradnik Eva, Sander Ingrid, Kendzia Benjamin, Fleischer Christina, Brüning Thomas, Raulf-Heimsoth Monika
Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Sep;13(9):2638-44. doi: 10.1039/c1em10430f. Epub 2011 Aug 15.
The aim of this study was to estimate mite antigen exposure in farming environments by passive sampling of airborne dust. Antigen concentrations were measured with enzyme immunoassays specific for three storage mites (SM): Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and the house dust mite (HDM) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Dust samples were collected with electrostatic dust fall collectors (EDCs) in three different areas of cattle farms. EDCs were placed in cow stables (working area), in changing rooms (transit area) and in different rooms of farmer dwellings (living area). Mite concentrations in the living area of farm homes were compared to those of urban homes. In dust samples from stables, antigens of all four mite species could be detected. The highest exposure level was to L. destructor (median 56.7 μg/m(2)), the lowest to A. siro (median 14.4 μg/m(2)). Mite concentrations of different species showed no correlation within the cow stables. In comparison to stables, the median mite concentrations in farm homes were significantly lower, ranging from below the detection limit to 1.5 μg/m(2). Antigens of SM were predominantly found in changing rooms and kitchens, and HDM antigens were mainly detected in bedrooms. Antigens of all mites were measured the least often in living rooms. T. putrescentiae was the most prevalent mite in all room types, and the exposure levels correlated strongly between different rooms. The number of SM positive samples in farm homes was considerably higher than in urban homes, while the percentage of HDM positive samples did not differ significantly.
本研究的目的是通过对空气中灰尘的被动采样来估计养殖环境中的螨抗原暴露情况。使用针对三种仓储螨（SM）：粉螨、害嗜鳞螨、腐食酪螨以及屋尘螨（HDM）粉尘螨的酶免疫测定法来测量抗原浓度。在奶牛场的三个不同区域使用静电降尘收集器（EDC）收集灰尘样本。EDC放置在牛舍（工作区域）、更衣室（过渡区域）以及农户住宅的不同房间（居住区域）。将农户住宅居住区域的螨浓度与城市住宅的进行比较。在牛舍的灰尘样本中，可以检测到所有四种螨的抗原。暴露水平最高的是害嗜鳞螨（中位数为56.7μg/m²），最低的是粉螨（中位数为14.4μg/m²）。不同种类的螨浓度在牛舍内没有相关性。与牛舍相比，农户住宅中的螨浓度中位数显著更低，范围从低于检测限到1.5μg/m²。仓储螨的抗原主要在更衣室和厨房中被发现，而屋尘螨抗原主要在卧室中被检测到。所有螨的抗原在客厅中被检测到的频率最低。腐食酪螨是所有房间类型中最普遍的螨，并且不同房间之间的暴露水平相关性很强。农户住宅中仓储螨阳性样本的数量显著高于城市住宅，而屋尘螨阳性样本的百分比没有显著差异。
