内质网腔中 COPI 小泡的出芽。
COPI budding within the Golgi stack.
机构信息
Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 Nov 1;3(11):a005231. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a005231.
Abstract
The Golgi serves as a hub for intracellular membrane traffic in the eukaryotic cell. Transport within the early secretory pathway, that is within the Golgi and from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum, is mediated by COPI-coated vesicles. The COPI coat shares structural features with the clathrin coat, but differs in the mechanisms of cargo sorting and vesicle formation. The small GTPase Arf1 initiates coating on activation and recruits en bloc the stable heptameric protein complex coatomer that resembles the inner and the outer shells of clathrin-coated vesicles. Different binding sites exist in coatomer for membrane machinery and for the sorting of various classes of cargo proteins. During the budding of a COPI vesicle, lipids are sorted to give a liquid-disordered phase composition. For the release of a COPI-coated vesicle, coatomer and Arf cooperate to mediate membrane separation.
摘要
高尔基复合体是真核细胞内细胞内膜运输的枢纽。早期分泌途径内的运输，即在高尔基复合体内部以及从高尔基复合体到内质网的运输，是由 COPI 被膜小泡介导的。COPI 被膜与网格蛋白被膜共享结构特征，但在货物分拣和囊泡形成的机制上有所不同。小分子 GTP 酶 Arf1 在激活时启动被膜形成，并募集稳定的七聚体蛋白复合物衣被蛋白复合物，类似于网格蛋白包被小泡的内壳和外壳。衣被蛋白复合物中有不同的结合位点，用于膜机制和各种货物蛋白的分拣。在 COPI 囊泡出芽过程中，脂质被分拣以赋予液体无序相组成。为了释放 COPI 被膜小泡，衣被蛋白复合物和 Arf 合作介导膜分离。
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