社区层面快餐价格与个体层面快餐摄入的经济学分析：一项纵向研究。
An economic analysis of community-level fast food prices and individual-level fast food intake: a longitudinal study.
机构信息
Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997, USA.
出版信息
Health Place. 2011 Nov;17(6):1235-41. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.07.011. Epub 2011 Aug 4.
BACKGROUND
While dietary intake is shaped by cost, there is minimal research on the association between community-level food prices and dietary intake.
METHODS
We used nationally representative, longitudinal data to examine how community-level food price variation was associated with individual-level fast food intake by race/ethnicity and income across waves II (1996) and III (2001-2002) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n=11,088) from 158 baseline and 363 follow-up US counties.
RESULTS
Negative binomial regression models predicting the number of fast food meals per week show strong relationships between fast food consumption and prices of fast food and soda that varied by gender and race/ethnicity. We found relatively stronger association between food prices and fast food intake for males and relatively greater price sensitivity for soda versus burgers. In the group with strongest associations (black males), a 20% increase in the price of soda was associated with a decrease of 0.25 visits to a fast food restaurant per week.
CONCLUSIONS
Economic incentives may be an effective mechanism to address fast food intake in an age group at high risk for obesity.
背景
尽管饮食摄入受到成本的影响，但关于社区层面食品价格与饮食摄入之间的关系，研究甚少。
方法
我们使用全国代表性的纵向数据，通过跨波次 II（1996 年）和 III（2001-2002 年）的全国青少年健康纵向研究（n=11088），从 158 个基线和 363 个随访的美国县，考察社区层面食品价格变化与个体层面不同种族/民族和收入的快餐摄入之间的关系。
结果
每周快餐摄入量的负二项回归模型显示，快餐消费与快餐和苏打水的价格之间存在很强的关系，这种关系因性别和种族/民族而异。我们发现，食物价格与快餐摄入之间的关联对于男性更强，而苏打水相对于汉堡的价格敏感度更高。在关联最强的群体（黑人男性）中，苏打水价格上涨 20%，每周去快餐店的次数就会减少 0.25 次。
结论
经济激励可能是解决肥胖高风险年龄段快餐摄入问题的有效机制。
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