Winpenny Eleanor M, Penney Tarra L, Corder Kirsten, White Martin, van Sluijs Esther M F
MRC Epidemiology Unit & Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 285, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017 May 4;14(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12966-017-0518-7.
Late adolescence to early adulthood is a period of lifestyle change and personal development which may influence dietary behaviour. Understanding dietary trajectories across this age range may help in targeting interventions appropriately. This scoping review aimed to assess how longitudinal change in diet is conceptualised and measured between the ages of 13 to 30.
We searched Medline, SCOPUS, Embase, PsycInfo (EBSCO), ASSIA, Sportdiscus, and Web of Science Core Collection (January 2016) using search terms combining diet outcomes, longitudinal methods and indicators of adolescent or young adult age. Titles and abstracts were screened and data extracted following published guidelines for scoping reviews. Data were analysed to summarize key data on each study and map availability of longitudinal data on macronutrients and food groups by age of study participants.
We identified 98 papers reporting on 40 studies. Longitudinal dietary data were available on intake of energy, key macronutrients and several food groups, but this data had significant gaps and limitations. Most studies provided only two or three waves of data within the age range of interest and few studies reported data collected beyond the early twenties. A range of dietary assessment methods were used, with greater use of less comprehensive dietary assessment methods among studies reporting food group intakes.
Despite limited availability of longitudinal data to aid understanding of dietary trajectories across this age range, this scoping review identified areas with scope for further evidence synthesis. We identified a paucity of longitudinal data continuing into the mid and late twenties, variability in (quality of) dietary assessment methods, and a large variety of macronutrients and food groups studied. Advances in dietary assessment methodologies as well as increased use of social media may facilitate new data collection to further understanding of changing diet across this life stage.
青春期晚期至成年早期是生活方式改变和个人发展的时期，这可能会影响饮食行为。了解这个年龄段的饮食轨迹有助于合理制定干预措施。本综述旨在评估13至30岁之间饮食的纵向变化是如何被概念化和测量的。
我们在Medline、SCOPUS、Embase、PsycInfo（EBSCO）、ASSIA、Sportdiscus和科学引文索引核心合集（2016年1月）中进行检索，使用的检索词结合了饮食结果、纵向研究方法以及青少年或青年年龄的指标。按照已发表的综述指南筛选标题和摘要并提取数据。对数据进行分析，总结每项研究的关键数据，并按研究参与者的年龄绘制关于宏量营养素和食物组的纵向数据可用性图表。
我们确定了98篇报告40项研究的论文。有关于能量摄入、关键宏量营养素和几种食物组的纵向饮食数据，但这些数据存在显著差距和局限性。大多数研究在感兴趣的年龄范围内仅提供两到三轮数据，很少有研究报告二十出头以后收集的数据。使用了一系列饮食评估方法，在报告食物组摄入量的研究中，较少使用全面性较低的饮食评估方法。
尽管有助于了解这个年龄段饮食轨迹的纵向数据有限，但本综述确定了有进一步证据综合空间的领域。我们发现二十多岁中期和后期的纵向数据匮乏，饮食评估方法（质量）存在差异，且研究的宏量营养素和食物组种类繁多。饮食评估方法的进步以及社交媒体使用的增加可能有助于收集新数据，以进一步了解这个生命阶段不断变化的饮食情况。
