Nutrition Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition. 2012 Feb;28(2):143-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.04.007. Epub 2011 Aug 26.
Current studies suggest that two of every three persons with spinal cord injury are at risk for the metabolic consequences of obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary intakes in people with spinal cord injury based on sex- and injury-related variables.
In total 162 people with spinal cord injury participated in this cross-sectional study. Their dietary intakes were assessed by a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire.
The percentages of total energy intake derived from macronutrients were 53% carbohydrate, 10% protein, and 37% fat for men and 52% carbohydrate, 11% protein, and 39% fat for women. There was excessive consumption of simple carbohydrates (102.17 ± 40.83). The participants with longer times since injury had lower cholesterol intakes (P = 0.02). The individuals with an incomplete injury consumed significantly more monounsaturated fatty acids (n = 114, 27.2 ± 12.01 g) than those with a complete injury (n = 48, 23.6 ± 8.08 g, P = 0.03). There was a significant positive correlation of age and time since injury with fiber intake (P < 0.05).
The balance of macronutrients shifted toward intakes of fat and simple carbohydrates at the expense of complex carbohydrates, fiber, and protein in these participants. Mean amounts of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in these participants were above the recommended intakes. Older participants and those with a longer time since injury tended to have lower calorie, fat, carbohydrate, saturated fat, and cholesterol intakes and higher fiber intakes.
目前的研究表明，每三名脊髓损伤患者中就有两名面临肥胖带来的代谢后果风险。本研究旨在评估基于性别和损伤相关变量的脊髓损伤患者的饮食摄入量。
共有 162 名脊髓损伤患者参与了这项横断面研究。他们的饮食摄入量通过半定量食物频率问卷进行评估。
男性的总能量摄入中，碳水化合物占 53%，蛋白质占 10%，脂肪占 37%，女性分别为 52%、11%和 39%。碳水化合物摄入过多（102.17 ± 40.83）。受伤时间较长的患者胆固醇摄入量较低（P = 0.02）。不完全损伤的个体摄入的单不饱和脂肪酸明显多于完全损伤的个体（n = 114，27.2 ± 12.01 g 与 n = 48，23.6 ± 8.08 g，P = 0.03）。年龄和受伤时间与纤维摄入量呈显著正相关（P < 0.05）。
这些参与者的宏量营养素平衡倾向于脂肪和简单碳水化合物的摄入，而牺牲了复杂碳水化合物、纤维和蛋白质。这些参与者多不饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸的平均摄入量高于推荐摄入量。年龄较大的参与者和受伤时间较长的参与者往往摄入较低的卡路里、脂肪、碳水化合物、饱和脂肪和胆固醇，而摄入较高的纤维。
