Jacobsen Kurt
University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Hist Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;21(84 Pt 4):436-54. doi: 10.1177/0957154X09341438.
The consensus US (not European) narrative regarding diagnosis and aetiology of autism posits that misguided 'parent-blaming' psychogenic causes were supplanted due to solid research proving the presence of organic causes.Yet, upon scrutiny, it is questionable that the high-functioning, often high-IQ minority--about 15% of those labelled autistic--whose condition Kanner in 1943 first dubbed 'infantile autism' were absorbed into the 'autistic spectrum' on the basis of scientific evidence. Extra-scientific factors must be addressed in order to understand the status of the category today.
关于自闭症诊断和病因的美国（而非欧洲）共识性说法认为，由于确凿研究证明存在器质性病因，误导性的“指责父母”的心理成因说已被取代。然而，仔细审视后会发现，1943年卡纳首次将其病症称为“婴儿自闭症”的那部分高功能、通常高智商的少数群体——约占被贴上自闭症标签者的15%——基于科学证据被纳入“自闭症谱系”这一点是值得怀疑的。为了理解如今这一类别（自闭症谱系）的状况，必须考虑科学之外的因素。
