Curtin Monash Accident Research Centre, Curtin Health Innovation Research Centre, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Sep;59(9):1575-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03561.x. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
To determine the association between psychoactive medications and crash risk in drivers aged 60 and older.
Retrospective population-based case-crossover study.
A database study that linked the Western Australian Hospital Morbidity Data System and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme.
Six hundred sixteen individuals aged 60 and older who were hospitalized as the result of a motor vehicle crash between 2002 and 2008 in Western Australia.
Hospitalization after a motor vehicle crash.
Greater risk for a hospitalization crash was found for older drivers prescribed benzodiazepines (odds ratio (OR)=5.3, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.6-7.8, P<.001), antidepressants (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.0-3.3, P=.04), and opioid analgesics (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.0-2.3, P=.05). Crash risk was significantly greater in men prescribed a benzodiazepine (OR=6.2, 95% CI=3.2-12.2, P<.001) or an antidepressant (OR=2.7, 95% CI=1.1-6.9, P=.03). Women prescribed benzodiazepines (OR=4.9, 95% CI=3.1-7.8, P<.001) or opioid analgesics (OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.1-3.0, P=.03) also had a significantly greater crash risk. Subgroup analyses further suggested that drivers with (OR=4.0, 95% CI=2.9-8.1, P<.001) and without (OR=6.0, 95% CI=3.8-9.5, P<.001) a chronic condition who were prescribed benzodiazepines were at greater crash risk. Drivers with a chronic condition taking antidepressants (OR=3.4, 95% CI=1.3-8.5, P=.01) also had a greater crash risk.
Psychoactive medication usage was associated with greater risk of a motor vehicle crash requiring hospitalization in older drivers.
确定 60 岁及以上驾驶员使用精神药物与撞车风险之间的关系。
回顾性基于人群的病例交叉研究。
西澳大利亚州医院发病率数据系统和药品福利计划的数据库研究。
2002 年至 2008 年期间，因机动车事故在西澳大利亚州住院的 616 名 60 岁及以上的个体。
机动车事故后住院治疗。
发现使用苯二氮䓬类药物（比值比[OR]=5.3，95%置信区间[CI]=3.6-7.8，P<.001）、抗抑郁药（OR=1.8，95% CI=1.0-3.3，P=.04）和阿片类镇痛药（OR=1.5，95% CI=1.0-2.3，P=.05）的老年驾驶员发生住院撞车的风险更高。服用苯二氮䓬类药物（OR=6.2，95% CI=3.2-12.2，P<.001）或抗抑郁药（OR=2.7，95% CI=1.1-6.9，P=.03）的男性驾驶员发生撞车的风险显著更高。服用苯二氮䓬类药物（OR=4.9，95% CI=3.1-7.8，P<.001）或阿片类镇痛药（OR=1.8，95% CI=1.1-3.0，P=.03）的女性驾驶员也有更高的撞车风险。亚组分析进一步表明，服用苯二氮䓬类药物（OR=4.0，95% CI=2.9-8.1，P<.001）和未服用（OR=6.0，95% CI=3.8-9.5，P<.001）慢性疾病的驾驶员发生撞车的风险更高。服用抗抑郁药的慢性疾病患者（OR=3.4，95% CI=1.3-8.5，P=.01）发生撞车的风险也更高。
精神药物的使用与老年驾驶员发生需要住院治疗的机动车事故的风险增加有关。
