Cook L J, Knight S, Olson L M, Nechodom P J, Dean J M
University of Utah School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Intermountain Injury Control Research Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2000 Jun;35(6):585-91.
We sought to compare the characteristics and medical outcomes of motor vehicle crashes for drivers 70 years and older with those of drivers between the ages of 30 and 39 years.
We probabilistically linked statewide motor vehicle crash and hospital discharge data between the years of 1992 and 1995 for the state of Utah. We calculated the odds of older drivers exhibiting certain motor vehicle crash characteristics compared with younger drivers. Adjusting for nighttime crash, high-speed crash, and seatbelt use, we calculated the odds of an older driver being killed or hospitalized compared with those of a younger driver.
During the study years, there were 14,466 drivers older than 69 years and 68,706 drivers between the ages of 30 and 39 years involved in motor vehicle crashes in Utah. Older drivers were less likely to have crashes involving drug or alcohol use (odds ratio [OR] 0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1 to 0.2) and less likely to have crashes at high speed (OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.6 to 0.7). Although older drivers were no more likely to have a crash involving a right-hand turn (OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.9 to 1.1) than younger drivers, they were over twice as likely to have a crash involving a left-hand turn (OR 2.3; 95% CI 2.2 to 2.5). Also, older drivers were more likely to be killed or hospitalized than younger drivers (OR, 3.5; P <.001). Among belted drivers, an older driver was nearly 7 times more likely to be killed or hospitalized than a younger driver (OR 6. 9; 95% CI 5.4 to 8.9).
Older drivers do have distinctive motor vehicle crash patterns. Interventions must be taken to reduce the number of left-hand turn crashes involving older drivers. In addition, further research is needed to design, implement, and evaluate countermeasures that may enable older drivers to continue driving while keeping public safety in the forefront.
我们试图比较70岁及以上驾驶员与30至39岁驾驶员机动车碰撞事故的特征和医疗后果。
我们将犹他州1992年至1995年全州机动车碰撞事故数据与医院出院数据进行概率关联。我们计算了老年驾驶员与年轻驾驶员相比出现某些机动车碰撞事故特征的几率。在对夜间碰撞、高速碰撞和安全带使用情况进行调整后，我们计算了老年驾驶员与年轻驾驶员相比死亡或住院的几率。
在研究期间，犹他州有14466名69岁以上的驾驶员和68706名30至39岁的驾驶员卷入机动车碰撞事故。老年驾驶员发生涉及药物或酒精使用的碰撞事故的可能性较小（优势比[OR]为0.1；95%置信区间[CI]为0.1至0.2），高速碰撞事故的可能性也较小（OR为0.6；95%CI为0.6至0.7）。虽然老年驾驶员发生涉及右转的碰撞事故的可能性并不比年轻驾驶员高（OR为1.0；95%CI为0.9至1.1），但他们发生涉及左转的碰撞事故的可能性是年轻驾驶员的两倍多（OR为2.3；95%CI为2.2至2.5）。此外，老年驾驶员比年轻驾驶员更有可能死亡或住院（OR为3.5；P<.001）。在系安全带的驾驶员中，老年驾驶员死亡或住院的可能性几乎是年轻驾驶员的7倍（OR为6.9；95%CI为5.4至8.9）。
老年驾驶员确实有独特的机动车碰撞事故模式。必须采取干预措施以减少涉及老年驾驶员的左转碰撞事故数量。此外，需要进一步研究来设计、实施和评估可能使老年驾驶员能够继续驾驶同时将公共安全放在首位的对策。
