酒吧和餐馆的禁烟令：全州范围内的禁烟令出台后，青少年和年轻人的支持态度是否会发生变化？
Smoke-free laws in bars and restaurants: does support among teens and young adults change after a statewide smoke-free law?
机构信息
University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
出版信息
Public Health Rep. 2011 Sep-Oct;126(5):669-76. doi: 10.1177/003335491112600509.
OBJECTIVE
We assessed changes in levels of support for smoke-free bars and restaurants among teens and young adults before and after implementation of a statewide smoke-free law.
METHODS
We measured support for smoke-free bars and restaurants among teens and young adults aged 16-24 years living in Minnesota (n=2,785) and five comparison states (n=404), up to 12 months before and up to six months after Minnesota's smoke-free law went into effect in October 2007. We compared changes in support among three subgroups-Minnesota participants who lived with a previous local smoke-free law, Minnesota participants who did not live with a previous local smoke-free law, and participants from the comparison states-before and after Minnesota's statewide smoke-free law went into effect.
RESULTS
Support for smoke-free restaurants and bars among participants in Minnesota and comparison states increased after Minnesota's smoke-free law went into effect. Minnesotans, both those living with and without a previous local smoke-free law, showed similar increases in support for smoke-free restaurants as participants in comparison states. However, Minnesotans living without a previous local law showed larger increases in support for smoke-free bars than both those in comparison states and those living in Minnesota with a previous local smoke-free law.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study employed a more robust design than similar studies and focused on the teen and young adult population. Our results will help advocates and policy makers demonstrate how public support for smoke-free laws increases following smoke-free legislation, particularly among those who were not previously living with a local smoke-free law.
目的
我们评估了在全州范围内实施禁烟令前后，青少年和年轻人对无烟酒吧和餐厅的支持程度的变化。
方法
我们在明尼苏达州（n=2785）和五个比较州（n=404），对 16-24 岁的青少年和年轻人进行了调查，在明尼苏达州的无烟法律于 2007 年 10 月生效前最多 12 个月，以及生效后最多 6 个月，测量了他们对无烟酒吧和餐厅的支持程度。我们比较了明尼苏达州参与者中在有或没有以前的当地禁烟法的情况下，以及与比较州参与者在明尼苏达州全州范围内的无烟法生效前后的支持率的变化。
结果
在明尼苏达州的无烟法律生效后，明尼苏达州和比较州的参与者对无烟餐厅和酒吧的支持率都有所增加。有或没有以前的当地禁烟法的明尼苏达州居民对无烟餐厅的支持率增加幅度与比较州的参与者相似。然而，没有以前的当地法律的明尼苏达州居民对无烟酒吧的支持率增加幅度大于比较州的参与者和有以前的当地禁烟法的明尼苏达州居民。
结论
我们的研究采用了比类似研究更有力的设计，并且重点关注青少年和年轻成年人群体。我们的研究结果将有助于倡导者和政策制定者展示在实施无烟立法后，公众对无烟法律的支持率如何增加，特别是在那些以前没有实施当地无烟法律的人群中。
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