Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Microbiol. 2011 Aug;49(4):535-43. doi: 10.1007/s12275-011-0528-0. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
Most oil from oceanic spills converges on coastal ecosystems, such as mangrove forests, which are threatened with worldwide disappearance. Particular bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere of local plant species can stimulate plant development through various mechanisms; it would be advantageous if these would also be capable of degrading oil. Such bacteria may be important in the preservation or recuperation of mangrove forests impacted by oil spills. This study aimed to compare the bacterial structure, isolate and evaluate bacteria able to degrade oil and stimulate plant growth, from the rhizospheres of three mangrove plant species. These features are particularly important taking into account recent policies for mangrove bioreme-diation, implying that oil degradation as well as plant maintenance and health are key targets. Fifty-seven morphotypes were isolated from the mangrove rhizospheres on Bushneil-Haas (BH) medium supplemented with oil as the sole carbon source and tested for plant growth promotion. Of this strains, 60% potentially fixed nitrogen, 16% showed antimicrobial activity, 84% produced siderophores, 51% had the capacity to solubilize phosphate, and 33% produced the indole acetic acid hormone. Using gas chromatography, we evaluated the oil-degrading potential of ten selected strains that had different morphologies and showed Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) features. The ten tested strains showed a promising degradation profile for at least one compound present in the oil. Among degrader strains, 46% had promising PGPR potential, having at least three of the above capacities. These strains might be used as a consortium, allowing the concomitant degradation of oil and stimulation of mangrove plant survival and maintenance.
大多数海洋溢油都会聚集在沿海生态系统中，如红树林，这些生态系统正面临着全球消失的威胁。栖息在当地植物物种根际的某些细菌可以通过多种机制刺激植物生长；如果这些细菌还能够降解石油，那将是有利的。这些细菌在保护或恢复受溢油影响的红树林方面可能很重要。本研究旨在比较三种红树林植物根际的细菌结构、分离和评估能够降解石油和刺激植物生长的细菌。考虑到最近关于红树林生物修复的政策，这些特征尤其重要，这意味着石油降解以及植物的维护和健康是关键目标。从布什尼尔-哈斯（BH）培养基中的红树林根际中分离出 57 种形态，该培养基以油为唯一碳源，并测试其对植物生长的促进作用。这些菌株中，60%能够固定氮，16%具有抗菌活性，84%产生铁载体，51%能够溶解磷酸盐，33%产生吲哚乙酸激素。我们使用气相色谱法评估了十种具有不同形态且表现出植物促生根际细菌（PGPR）特征的选定菌株的石油降解潜力。这十种测试菌株对油中至少一种化合物表现出有希望的降解谱。在降解菌株中，有 46%具有有前途的 PGPR 潜力，至少具有上述三种能力之一。这些菌株可以用作一个联合体，允许同时降解石油和刺激红树林植物的存活和维持。
