Center for Studies of Sensory Impairment, Aging and Metabolism (CeSSIAM), Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Nutrition. 2011 Nov-Dec;27(11-12):1146-55. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.01.007. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
To assess concordance with selected individual guideline components of the 1997 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) diet and lifestyle recommendations to decrease cancer risk across four population samples.
The study was a prospectively designed survey examining concordance with individual-level guidelines of the WCRF/AICR recommendations using target criteria across sites. The status of concordance with eight dietary and eight lifestyle components subject to evaluation was described and compared across samples and with the target criteria. Population samples were from the Netherlands, Scotland, Mexico, and Guatemala. In total 3564 male and female adults 18 to 70 y old were recruited in equal proportions by site.
Overall concordance with the WCRF/AICR was low in all samples, with 28%, 63%, 77%, and 81% of subjects concordant with at least half of the selected recommendation components in the Netherlands, Scotland, Mexico, and Guatemala, respectively. Concordance was especially low for the recommendations to prefer fish or poultry, limit refined sugar consumption, and avoid eating charred food and especially high for the recommendations that dietary supplements are probably unnecessary, to avoid being underweight, and to consume predominately plant-based diets.
A prospectively designed research instrument with exhaustive prior examination of operative criteria allows for the assessment of individual-level concordance or compliance with cancer-prevention guidelines. We postulate that efforts to maintain currently positive practices are the strategic priority in Central America, whereas efforts at behavioral reorientation are needed in Europe to bring the populations into concordance.
评估四个人群样本中对 1997 年世界癌症研究基金会/美国癌症研究所（WCRF/AICR）降低癌症风险的饮食和生活方式建议的个别指南成分的一致性。
这项研究是一项前瞻性设计的调查，通过各地点的目标标准，检查与 WCRF/AICR 建议的个体水平指南的一致性。描述并比较了各样本之间以及与目标标准之间的八个饮食和八个生活方式成分的一致性状态。人群样本来自荷兰、苏格兰、墨西哥和危地马拉。共有 3564 名 18 至 70 岁的男女成年人按地点等比例招募。
在所有样本中，与 WCRF/AICR 的总体一致性都很低，在荷兰、苏格兰、墨西哥和危地马拉，分别有 28%、63%、77%和 81%的受试者符合至少一半选定的推荐成分。对鱼类或家禽的偏好、限制精制糖的摄入、避免食用烧焦的食物的建议的一致性尤其低，而对膳食补充剂可能不必要、避免体重过轻和食用以植物为主的饮食的建议的一致性尤其高。
使用经过预先全面检查操作标准的前瞻性设计研究工具，可以评估个体层面预防癌症指南的一致性或遵从性。我们假设，在中美洲，维持目前积极做法是战略重点，而在欧洲，需要进行行为调整努力，以使人群达到一致。
