Hinchingbrooke Health Care NHS Trust, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, UK.
Psychiatr Danub. 2011 Sep;23 Suppl 1:S175-7.
Anorexia nervosa is a mental health disorder characterised by deliberate weight loss (through restrictive eating, excessive exercise and/or purging), disordered body image, and intrusive overvalued fears of gaining weight. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence recommends that family interventions that directly address the eating disorder should be offered to children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa.
To perform a literature review to assess whether family therapy is a more effective intervention than other treatments in the management of adolescents with anorexia nervosa.
Search of PubMed, The Cochrane Library and NHS Evidence for randomised controlled trials that compared a family intervention with another treatment for anorexia nervosa in adolescence.
This literature search revealed only six randomised controlled trials investigating the use of family therapy in the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa, and these all had small sample sizes. Some, but not all, of these trials suggest that family therapy may be advantageous over individual psychotherapy in terms of physical improvement (weight gain and resumption of menstruation) and reduction of cognitive distortions, particularly in younger patients. Due to the small sample sizes and the significant risk of bias (particularly information bias) in some of the studies the evidence in favour of family therapy over individual therapy is weak. In the future, larger randomised controlled trials with long term follow-up are required to assess whether family therapy is the most effective treatment for anorexia nervosa in adolescence.
神经性厌食症是一种心理健康障碍，其特征是故意减重（通过限制饮食、过度运动和/或催吐）、身体意象紊乱以及对体重增加的侵入性过度恐惧。国家临床卓越研究所建议，应向患有神经性厌食症的儿童和青少年提供直接针对饮食失调的家庭干预。
进行文献回顾，以评估家庭治疗是否比其他治疗方法更能有效治疗青少年神经性厌食症。
在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 NHS Evidence 中搜索比较家庭干预与青少年神经性厌食症其他治疗方法的随机对照试验。
这项文献检索仅发现了六项关于家庭治疗在青少年神经性厌食症治疗中应用的随机对照试验，且这些试验的样本量都很小。其中一些（但不是全部）试验表明，家庭治疗在身体改善（体重增加和月经恢复）和减少认知扭曲方面可能优于个体心理治疗，特别是在年轻患者中。由于样本量小，且一些研究存在严重的偏倚风险（特别是信息偏倚），因此支持家庭治疗优于个体治疗的证据较弱。未来需要进行更大规模的随机对照试验，并进行长期随访，以评估家庭治疗是否是青少年神经性厌食症最有效的治疗方法。
