Das Mithun, Pal Susil, Ghosh Arnab
Department of Anthropology, Sree Chaitanya College, Habra, West Bengal, India.
Anthropol Anz. 2011;68(3):253-64. doi: 10.1127/0003-5548/2011/0099.
The present community based cross-sectional study was aimed to investigate whether or not increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adult Asian Indian population are associated with increasing urbanization. The 'urban group' was comprised of 224 individuals including 122 males and 102 females being inhabitants of Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) under the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) area. The 'rural group' comprised 224 individuals including 135 males and 89 females and was living in a village council located about 80 kilometers from Kolkata. Therefore, a total of 448 adult (> or = 30 years) individuals (257 males and 191 females) participated in the study. Anthropometric measures, lipids profiles, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure measures were taken from participants. Obesity and body composition measures were subsequently calculated from the anthropometric measures. Accepted cut-offs were used to define metabolic syndrome (MS), lipids abnormalities, increased adiposity and high blood pressure in the study. It was found that 58.7% participants were engaged in sedentary work which includes 60.7% males and 56% females. It was further observed that the prevalence of high blood pressure was as high as 70.6% in urban females compared to 55.1% in rural females. However, the prevalence of low HDLc was remarkably high in females ofboth rural and urban areas. The prevalence ofMS was significantly higher in urban females (57.8%) than in their rural counterparts (34.8%). It seems reasonable to argue that people with changing lifestyles due to growing urbanization are associated with adverse CVD risk factors irrespective of their habitat (rural vs. urban). This in turn warranted a comprehensive risk stratification protocol at the national level for the effective management of CVD risk factors in this part of the world.
本次基于社区的横断面研究旨在调查成年亚洲印度人群中心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素患病率的增加是否与城市化进程加快相关。“城市组”由224人组成，包括122名男性和102名女性，他们是加尔各答都会发展局（KMDA）辖区内加尔各答（原加尔各答）的居民。“农村组”由224人组成，包括135名男性和89名女性，他们生活在距离加尔各答约80公里的一个村委会。因此，共有448名成年（≥30岁）个体（257名男性和191名女性）参与了该研究。研究人员对参与者进行了人体测量、血脂检测、空腹血糖和血压测量。随后根据人体测量数据计算肥胖和身体成分指标。研究采用公认的临界值来定义代谢综合征（MS）、血脂异常、肥胖增加和高血压。结果发现，58.7%的参与者从事久坐工作，其中男性占60.7%，女性占56%。进一步观察发现，城市女性高血压患病率高达70.6%，而农村女性为55.1%。然而，农村和城市女性中低HDLc的患病率都非常高。城市女性中MS的患病率（57.8%）显著高于农村女性（34.8%）。似乎有理由认为，由于城市化进程加快，生活方式发生改变的人群无论居住在农村还是城市，都与不良的CVD危险因素相关。这反过来又需要在国家层面制定一个全面的风险分层方案，以便有效管理世界这一地区的CVD危险因素。
