Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, MD, USA.
Front Neurol. 2011 Sep 1;2:53. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2011.00053. eCollection 2011.
An intact cerebellum is a prerequisite for optimal ocular motor performance. The cerebellum fine-tunes each of the subtypes of eye movements so they work together to bring and maintain images of objects of interest on the fovea. Here we review the major aspects of the contribution of the cerebellum to ocular motor control. The approach will be based on structural-functional correlation, combining the effects of lesions and the results from physiologic studies, with the emphasis on the cerebellar regions known to be most closely related to ocular motor function: (1) the flocculus/paraflocculus for high-frequency (brief) vestibular responses, sustained pursuit eye movements, and gaze holding, (2) the nodulus/ventral uvula for low-frequency (sustained) vestibular responses, and (3) the dorsal oculomotor vermis and its target in the posterior portion of the fastigial nucleus (the fastigial oculomotor region) for saccades and pursuit initiation.
完整的小脑是获得最佳眼球运动表现的前提。小脑精细调节每一种眼动亚型，使它们协同工作，将感兴趣的物体的图像带到并维持在中央凹。在这里，我们将回顾小脑对眼球运动控制的主要贡献。该方法将基于结构-功能相关性，结合病变的影响和生理学研究的结果，重点介绍与眼球运动功能最密切相关的小脑区域：（1）绒球/旁绒球小叶用于高频（短暂）前庭反应、持续追踪眼球运动和凝视保持，（2）小结/蚓部下区用于低频（持续）前庭反应，以及（3）背侧动眼神经小脑蚓部及其在顶核后部的靶点（fastigial 动眼区）用于扫视和追踪启动。
