Center for Global Health, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Kenya, Village Market Nairobi, Kenya.
Sex Transm Infect. 2011 Oct;87(6):521-5. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050026.
The authors used data from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS) 2007 to determine the prevalence of syphilis and associated risk factors among adults aged 15-64 years.
KAIS was a nationally representative population-based sero-survey that examined demographic and behavioural indicators and serological testing for syphilis, HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in adults aged 15-64 years. The authors analysed data from 8935 women and 6727 men with complete syphilis results. Logistic regression models stratified by sex were used to assess potential factors associated with syphilis sero-prevalence.
Overall, 262 adults tested positive for syphilis (1.8%, 95% CI 1.5% to 2.1%); sero-prevalence was similar among women and men (1.7%, 95% CI 1.3% to 2.0% and 1.9%, 95% CI 1.5% to 2.3%, respectively). Syphilis prevalence was the highest among men with HIV (6.4%, 95% CI 3.1% to 9.7%) and HSV-2 (4.5%, 95% CI 3.4% to 5.7%) infection. Independent risk factors for syphilis included HIV (men only, adjusted OR (AOR) 3.4, 95% CI 1.6% to 7.1%), HSV-2 (women, AOR 3.5, 95% CI 2.1% to 5.8%; men AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3% to 3.7%), lack of male circumcision (AOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3% to 3.7%), poorest or poorer versus richest wealth index (women, AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0% to 4.2%; men AOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4% to 4.9%) and no primary versus secondary or more education in men (AOR 4.8, 95% CI 2.0% to 11.7%).
Syphilis prevalence in the general population in Kenya is relatively low and eradication could be possible but would require intensified syphilis prevention and control efforts, including routine screening in HIV, sexually transmitted infection and antenatal care clinics as well as in family planning and male circumcision settings.
作者利用来自肯尼亚艾滋病指标调查（KAIS）2007 年的数据，确定了 15-64 岁成年人中梅毒的流行率及其相关危险因素。
KAIS 是一项全国代表性的基于人群的血清学调查，检查了 15-64 岁成年人的人口统计学和行为指标以及梅毒、艾滋病毒和单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）的血清学检测。作者对 8935 名女性和 6727 名男性的完整梅毒结果进行了分析。使用按性别分层的逻辑回归模型评估与梅毒血清流行率相关的潜在因素。
总体而言，有 262 名成年人梅毒检测呈阳性（1.8%，95%CI1.5%至 2.1%）；女性和男性的血清流行率相似（1.7%，95%CI1.3%至 2.0%和 1.9%，95%CI1.5%至 2.3%）。在感染艾滋病毒（男性，6.4%，95%CI3.1%至 9.7%）和单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（男性，4.5%，95%CI3.4%至 5.7%）的男性中，梅毒的流行率最高。梅毒的独立危险因素包括艾滋病毒（仅男性，调整后的比值比（AOR）3.4，95%CI1.6%至 7.1%）、单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（女性，AOR3.5，95%CI2.1%至 5.8%；男性 AOR2.2，95%CI1.3%至 3.7%）、男性未行包皮环切术（AOR2.2，95%CI1.3%至 3.7%）、最贫困或更贫困与最富裕的财富指数（女性，AOR2.0，95%CI1.0%至 4.2%；男性 AOR2.5，95%CI1.4%至 4.9%）以及男性未接受过中学或更高教育（AOR4.8，95%CI2.0%至 11.7%）。
肯尼亚普通人群中的梅毒流行率相对较低，可能有根除的可能，但需要加强梅毒预防和控制工作，包括在艾滋病毒、性传播感染和产前护理诊所以及计划生育和男性包皮环切术环境中进行常规筛查。
