Centre for Public Health Nutrition Research, Division of Clinical and Population Sciences and Education, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.
Maturitas. 2011 Nov;70(3):266-84. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.08.005. Epub 2011 Sep 15.
Obesity in childhood carries a wide range of physical, psychological and social disbenefits and also increases the risk of adult obesity with its well-recognised, enhanced risk of several common complex diseases as well as adverse socioeconomic and psychosocial sequelae. Understanding the tracking of the two key modifiable behaviours, food consumption and physical activity, between childhood and adulthood may illuminate the childhood determinants of adult obesity and contribute to the development of effective interventions. We performed a systematic review of the available literature on tracking of both physical activity and of dietary intake between childhood and adulthood by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PSYCInfo, Google and Google Scholar. For inclusion, studies had to report baseline measurements when the children were less than, or equal to, 18 years and to report follow-up for at least 5 years to any age over 18 years. After removal of duplicates, 9625 search hits were screened by title and/or abstract and 79 potentially relevant papers were identified and full papers obtained. In total 39 papers were included in this analysis. Of these, 11 papers (from 5 studies) reported data on tracking of diet from childhood to adulthood and 28 papers (from 16 studies) reported data on tracking of physical activity or inactivity. Despite the diversity of study design and measurement methodology, we found evidence of tracking of both physical activity and of diet between childhood and adulthood with estimates of strength of tracking of a similar order for both behaviours. Because of the inherent methodological difficulties in quantifying habitual behaviour, it is likely that the reported estimates of strength of tracking under-estimate the true degree of tracking. The evidence of tracking reported here may give greater impetus to the development of interventions aimed to prevent the persistence of obesity from childhood into adulthood and its attendant adverse socioeconomic, psychosocial and health sequelae.
儿童肥胖会带来广泛的身体、心理和社会不良后果，并且还会增加成年肥胖的风险，而成年肥胖则会增加多种常见复杂疾病的风险，以及不良的社会经济和心理社会后果。了解儿童期和成年期之间两种关键可改变行为（食物消耗和身体活动）的跟踪情况，可能会阐明成年肥胖的儿童期决定因素，并有助于制定有效的干预措施。我们通过搜索 MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、PSYCInfo、Google 和 Google Scholar，对有关儿童期和成年期之间身体活动和饮食摄入跟踪的现有文献进行了系统回顾。为了纳入研究，这些研究必须报告当儿童年龄小于或等于 18 岁时的基线测量值，并报告至少 5 年的随访情况，随访年龄超过 18 岁。在去除重复项后，通过标题和/或摘要筛选了 9625 个搜索结果，确定了 79 篇可能相关的论文，并获得了全文。共有 39 篇论文纳入了本分析。其中，11 篇论文（来自 5 项研究）报告了从儿童期到成年期饮食跟踪的数据，28 篇论文（来自 16 项研究）报告了身体活动或不活动的跟踪数据。尽管研究设计和测量方法存在多样性，但我们发现儿童期和成年期之间身体活动和饮食的跟踪存在证据，并且两种行为的跟踪强度估计相似。由于量化习惯性行为的固有方法困难，报告的跟踪强度估计值可能低估了真正的跟踪程度。这里报告的跟踪证据可能会进一步推动制定干预措施，以防止肥胖从儿童期持续到成年期，并防止其带来的不良社会经济、心理社会和健康后果。
