Van Loan Marta D, Keim Nancy L, Adams Sean H, Souza Elaine, Woodhouse Leslie R, Thomas Anthony, Witbracht Megan, Gertz Erik R, Piccolo Brian, Bremer Andrew A, Spurlock Michael
Obesity & Metabolism Research Unit, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, ARS, 430 West Health Science Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Obes. 2011;2011:989657. doi: 10.1155/2011/989657. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
Background. Research on dairy foods to enhance weight and fat loss when incorporated into a modest weight loss diet has had mixed results. Objective. A 15-week controlled feeding study to determine if dairy foods enhance central fat and weight loss when incorporated in a modest energy restricted diet of overweight and obese adults. Design. A 3-week run-in to establish energy needs; a 12-week 500 kcal/d energy reduction with 71 low-dairy-consuming overweight and obese adults randomly assigned to diets: ≤1 serving dairy/d (low dairy, LD) or ≤4 servings dairy/d (adequate dairy, AD). All foods were weighed and provided by the metabolic kitchen. Weight, fat, intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) macrophage number, SAT inflammatory gene expression, and circulating cytokines were measured. Results. No diet differences were observed in weight, fat, or IAAT loss; nor SAT mRNA expression of inflammation, circulating cytokines, fasting lipids, glucose, or insulin. There was a significant increase (P = 0.02) in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the AD group. Conclusion. Whether increased dairy intake during weight loss results in greater weight and fat loss for individuals with metabolic syndrome deserves investigation. Assessment of appetite, hunger, and satiety with followup on weight regain should be considered.
背景。关于将乳制品纳入适度减肥饮食中以促进体重和脂肪减少的研究结果不一。目的。进行一项为期15周的对照喂养研究，以确定在超重和肥胖成年人的适度能量限制饮食中加入乳制品是否能促进中心脂肪减少和体重减轻。设计。进行为期3周的预实验以确定能量需求；对71名低乳制品摄入量的超重和肥胖成年人进行为期12周、每天减少500千卡能量的实验，并将他们随机分配到不同饮食组：每天摄入乳制品≤1份（低乳制品组，LD）或每天摄入乳制品≤4份（充足乳制品组，AD）。所有食物均由代谢厨房称重并提供。测量体重、脂肪、腹内脂肪组织（IAAT）、皮下脂肪组织（SAT）巨噬细胞数量、SAT炎症基因表达和循环细胞因子。结果。在体重、脂肪或IAAT减少方面未观察到饮食差异；在SAT炎症mRNA表达、循环细胞因子、空腹血脂、血糖或胰岛素方面也未观察到差异。AD组血清25-羟基维生素D显著增加（P = 0.02）。结论。减肥期间增加乳制品摄入量是否会使代谢综合征患者体重和脂肪减少更多值得研究。应考虑评估食欲、饥饿感和饱腹感，并对体重反弹情况进行随访。
