Hoeschele Marisa, Cook Robert G, Guillette Lauren M, Brooks Daniel I, Sturdy Christopher B
Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Comp Psychol. 2012 Feb;126(1):57-67. doi: 10.1037/a0024627. Epub 2011 Sep 26.
Human music perception is related both to musical experience and the physical properties of sound. Examining the processing of music by nonhuman animals has been generally neglected. We tested both black-capped chickadees and humans in a chord discrimination task that replicates and extends prior research with pigeons. We found that chickadees and humans, in common with pigeons, showed similar patterns of discrimination across manipulations of the 3rd and 5th notes of the triadic chords. For all species (chickadee and humans here, pigeons previously), chords with half-step alterations in the 5th note were easier to discriminate than half-step manipulations of the 3rd note, which is likely due to the sensory consonance of these chords. There were differences among species in terms of the fine discrimination of the chords within this larger pattern of results. Further, the ability to relearn the chords when transposed to a new root differed across species. Our results provide new comparative data suggesting some similarities in chord perception that span a wide range of species, from pigeons (nonvocal learners) to songbirds and humans (vocal learners).
人类的音乐感知既与音乐体验有关，也与声音的物理特性有关。对非人类动物的音乐处理过程进行研究通常被忽视了。我们在一项和弦辨别任务中对黑头山雀和人类进行了测试，该任务重复并扩展了之前对鸽子的研究。我们发现，山雀和人类与鸽子一样，在对三和弦的第三音和第五音进行操作时，表现出相似的辨别模式。对于所有物种（这里是山雀和人类，之前是鸽子），第五音有半音变化的和弦比第三音的半音操作更容易辨别，这可能是由于这些和弦的感官和谐性。在这个更大的结果模式中，不同物种在和弦的精细辨别方面存在差异。此外，当和弦转调到新的根音时，不同物种重新学习和弦的能力也有所不同。我们的研究结果提供了新的比较数据，表明从鸽子（非声乐学习者）到鸣禽和人类（声乐学习者）等广泛物种在和弦感知方面存在一些相似之处。
