Hoeschele Marisa
Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Comp Cogn Behav Rev. 2017;12:5-18. doi: 10.3819/CCBR.2017.120002.
Pitch is a percept of sound that is based in part on fundamental frequency. Although pitch can be defined in a way that is clearly separable from other aspects of musical sounds, such as timbre, the perception of pitch is not a simple topic. Despite this, studying pitch separately from other aspects of sound has led to some interesting conclusions about how humans and other animals process acoustic signals. It turns out that pitch perception in humans is based on an assessment of pitch height, pitch chroma, relative pitch, and grouping principles. How pitch is broken down depends largely on the context. Most, if not all, of these principles appear to also be used by other species, but when and how accurately they are used varies across species and context. Studying how other animals compare to humans in their pitch abilities is partially a reevaluation of what we know about humans by considering ourselves in a biological context.
音高是一种声音感知，部分基于基频。尽管音高可以以一种与音乐声音的其他方面（如音色）明显区分的方式来定义，但音高感知并非一个简单的话题。尽管如此，将音高与声音的其他方面分开研究，已经得出了一些关于人类和其他动物如何处理声学信号的有趣结论。事实证明，人类的音高感知基于对音高高度、音高色度、相对音高和分组原则的评估。音高如何分解在很大程度上取决于上下文。这些原则中的大多数（如果不是全部的话）似乎也被其他物种所使用，但它们在何时以及使用的准确程度在不同物种和上下文中有所不同。研究其他动物在音高能力方面与人类的比较，部分是通过在生物学背景下考虑我们自己，对我们所了解的人类进行重新评估。
