Nosari I, Maglio M L, Lepore G, Amuso G, Pagani G
Divisione di Endocrinologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo.
Recenti Prog Med. 1990 Feb;81(2):106-11.
A glucose metabolism impairment occurs in about 2-3% of all pregnancies. Two different groups of women are involved: diabetic women who become pregnant and healthy women developing gestational diabetes or glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Due to therapeutic improvements and new techniques of fetal monitoring, maternal and perinatal mortality now approaches that of normal pregnancies. On the contrary, congenital anomalies are still four times more frequent. A good control of the mother metabolism is necessary to reduce complications in fetal development, especially during the first six weeks, a crucial period for the early cell division. Fetal monitoring is very important not only to control the normality of the growth and the well-being of the fetus, but also for early identification of possible anomalies.
约2% - 3%的孕期女性会出现葡萄糖代谢障碍。涉及两类不同的女性群体：怀孕的糖尿病女性以及孕期出现妊娠期糖尿病或糖耐量异常的健康女性。由于治疗手段的改进和胎儿监测新技术的应用，目前孕产妇及围产儿死亡率已接近正常妊娠水平。相反，先天性异常的发生率仍然高出四倍。良好控制母亲的代谢对于减少胎儿发育并发症至关重要，尤其是在孕早期细胞分裂的关键六周内。胎儿监测不仅对于控制胎儿生长的正常性和健康状况非常重要，而且对于早期识别可能的异常情况也很重要。
