男性的身体质量指数（BMI）比女性低时，是否更容易患上 2 型糖尿病？
Do men develop type 2 diabetes at lower body mass indices than women?
机构信息
BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, Scotland, UK.
出版信息
Diabetologia. 2011 Dec;54(12):3003-6. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2313-3. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To describe the associations between age, sex and BMI at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and test the hypothesis that men are diagnosed with diabetes at lower average BMI than women of similar age.
METHODS
Linear regression was used to estimate and compare the relationship between age and BMI at diagnosis among 51,920 men and 43,137 women included in a population-based diabetes register in Scotland for whom an index BMI measurement was taken within 1 year of diabetes diagnosis. We also examined HbA(1c) values by sex within the same timescale.
RESULTS
Mean BMI closest to date of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 31.83 kg/m(2) (SD 5.13) in men and 33.69 kg/m(2) (SD 6.43) in women. The inverse relationship between age and BMI at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly steeper in women than in men (slope estimate in men -0.12 kg/m(2) per year [95% CI -0.13, -0.12] women -0.18 kg/m(2) per year [95% CI -0.18, -0.17], p < 0.0001 for formal test of interaction). Mean BMI difference was most marked at younger ages and narrowed with advancing age. However, HbA(1c) levels within 1 year of diagnoses were broadly similar in men and women.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Men are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at lower BMI than women across the age range. This observation may help explain why type 2 diabetes is more common among middle-aged men in populations of European extraction. Whether the same pattern is also observed in other ethnic groups requires confirmation.
目的/假设：描述 2 型糖尿病诊断时年龄、性别和 BMI 的相关性，并检验以下假设，即男性的平均 BMI 比同年龄的女性低，从而被诊断为糖尿病。
方法
线性回归用于估计和比较苏格兰人群基于人群的糖尿病登记处内 51920 名男性和 43137 名女性中年龄与诊断时 BMI 之间的关系，这些患者在糖尿病诊断后 1 年内接受了指数 BMI 测量。我们还在同一时间范围内检查了 HbA（1c）值。
结果
最接近 2 型糖尿病诊断日期的平均 BMI 为男性 31.83 kg/m(2)（SD 5.13），女性 33.69 kg/m(2)（SD 6.43）。2 型糖尿病诊断时年龄与 BMI 的反比关系在女性中比男性更为陡峭（男性斜率估计值为 -0.12 kg/m(2) /年[95%CI-0.13，-0.12]，女性 -0.18 kg/m(2) /年[95%CI-0.18，-0.17]，p<0.0001，正式检验交互作用）。平均 BMI 差异在较年轻时最为明显，随着年龄的增长而缩小。然而，诊断后 1 年内的 HbA（1c）水平在男性和女性中大致相似。
结论/解释：在整个年龄范围内，男性的 2 型糖尿病诊断 BMI 低于女性。这一观察结果可能有助于解释为什么在欧洲血统人群中，中年男性的 2 型糖尿病更为常见。这种模式是否也在其他种族群体中观察到，还需要进一步证实。
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