Schott N
Institut für Sport- und Bewegungswissenschaft, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 28, 70569 Stuttgart.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2011 Dec;44(6):417-28. doi: 10.1007/s00391-011-0236-8.
The purpose of this study was to validate the German translation of the originally English Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (FAB-D). The 10-item test battery is a performance-based measure that addresses the multiple dimensions of balance. The German FAB-D using a forward-backward procedure was examined by a sample of n = 96 community dwelling older adults (71,6 ± 7,5 years of age) who had reported no history of a fall in the previous 6 months (non-fallers) and 66 older adults (age 75,3 ± 7,3 years of age) who reported falling one or more times (recurrent fallers). The following internationally accepted instruments were used for validation: The Berg-Balance-Scale (BBS), the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC-D) scale, the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), the Trail-Making-Test (TMT), and motor tests (balance, strength, mobility). Explorative and confirmative factor analysis showed the best fit for a one dimensional solution. Cronbach's alpha of the German version of the FAB-D was 0.988. Test-retest reliability for the total score was 0.965 and ranged from 0.86-0.88 for individual items. The scales correlate with convergent measures assessing postural control and falls-related confidence (BBS, r = 0.685; Timed-Up-and-Go-Test, r = -0.632; ABC-D, r = 0.561). Criterion validity of the FAB-D was established by statistically significant correlations between the total scale, and the subdimensions of the SF-36 (physical 0.52, mental 0.38), the PASE (0.29), the TMT A (-0.30) and B (-0.41), the Chair Rising Test (0.59) and the 10 m walk (normal velocity -0.49; fast velocity -0.56). Significant differences in the FAB-D scores were found in older adults with (30,3 ± 8,6) and without falls (36,1 ± 4,2). Older adults with a recent fall history scored lower on the FAB-D than older adults without a recent fall history. To conclude, the German version of the FAB-D has properties analogous to the original English version and is apparently useful in assessing the multiple dimensions of balance in community dwelling older adults.
本研究的目的是验证最初英文版的富勒顿高级平衡量表（FAB-D）的德语翻译版本。这个包含10个项目的测试组合是一种基于表现的测量方法，涉及平衡的多个维度。采用前后翻译程序的德语版FAB-D，由96名社区居住的老年人（年龄71.6±7.5岁）组成的样本进行检验，这些老年人在过去6个月内没有跌倒史（非跌倒者），以及66名报告有过一次或多次跌倒（反复跌倒者）的老年人（年龄75.3±7.3岁）。使用以下国际公认的工具进行验证：伯格平衡量表（BBS）、特定活动平衡信心（ABC-D）量表、简短健康调查问卷（SF-36）、老年人身体活动量表（PASE）、连线测验（TMT）和运动测试（平衡、力量、活动能力）。探索性和验证性因素分析表明一维解决方案的拟合度最佳。德语版FAB-D的克朗巴赫α系数为0.988。总分的重测信度为0.965，单个项目的重测信度在0.86 - 0.88之间。这些量表与评估姿势控制和跌倒相关信心的收敛性测量指标相关（BBS，r = 0.685；定时起立行走测试，r = -0.632；ABC-D，r = 0.561）。FAB-D的效标效度通过总量表与SF-36的子维度（身体方面0.52，心理方面0.38）、PASE（0.29）、TMT A（-0.30）和B（-0.41）、椅子起立测试（0.59）以及10米步行（正常速度-0.49；快速速度-0.56）之间的统计学显著相关性得以确立。在有跌倒经历（30.3±8.6）和无跌倒经历（36.1±4.2）的老年人中，FAB-D得分存在显著差异。近期有跌倒史的老年人在FAB-D上的得分低于近期无跌倒史的老年人。总之，德语版FAB-D具有与原始英文版类似的特性，显然有助于评估社区居住老年人平衡的多个维度。
