Eballé André Omgbwa, Mvogo Côme Ebana, Koki Godefroy, Mounè Nyouma, Teutu Cyrille, Ellong Augustin, Bella Assumpta Lucienne
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1325-31. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S23064. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of bilateral and unilateral blindness in the town of Douala and its environs based on data from the ophthalmic unit of a tertiary hospital in Douala.
We conducted a retrospective epidemiological survey of consultations at the eye unit of the Douala General Hospital over the last 20 years (from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2009).
Out of the 1927 cases of blindness, 1000 were unilateral, corresponding to a hospital prevalence of 1.84% and 927 cases were bilateral, corresponding to a hospital prevalence of 1.71%. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two (P = 0.14). The leading causes of bilateral blindness were cataract (50.1%), glaucoma (19.7%), and diabetic retinopathy (7.8%) while the leading causes of unilateral blindness were cataract (40.4%), glaucoma (14.1%), and retinal detachment (9.1%). Cataract (51.2%), cortical blindness (16.3%), and congenital glaucoma (10%) were the leading causes of bilateral blindness in children aged less than 10 years.
Blindness remains a public health problem in the Douala region with a hospital prevalence which is relatively higher than the national estimate given by the National Blindness Control Program.
本研究旨在根据杜阿拉一家三级医院眼科的数据，确定杜阿拉镇及其周边地区双眼和单眼失明的患病率及病因。
我们对杜阿拉总医院眼科过去20年（1990年1月1日至2009年12月31日）的会诊进行了回顾性流行病学调查。
在1927例失明病例中，1000例为单眼失明，医院患病率为1.84%；927例为双眼失明，医院患病率为1.71%。两者之间未发现统计学上的显著差异（P = 0.14）。双眼失明的主要原因是白内障（50.1%）、青光眼（19.7%）和糖尿病视网膜病变（7.8%），而单眼失明的主要原因是白内障（40.4%）、青光眼（14.1%）和视网膜脱离（9.1%）。白内障（51.2%）、皮质盲（16.3%）和先天性青光眼（10%）是10岁以下儿童双眼失明的主要原因。
失明在杜阿拉地区仍然是一个公共卫生问题，其医院患病率相对高于国家失明控制项目给出的全国估计数。
