Tegegn Melkamu Temeselew, Assaye Aragaw Kegne, Mersha Getasew Alemu
Department of Optometry, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Clin Optom (Auckl). 2021 Mar 2;13:83-91. doi: 10.2147/OPTO.S295626. eCollection 2021.
This study aimed to estimate the magnitude of blindness, identify causes and associated factors among adult patients who visited a Tertiary Eye Care Training Center in Gondar, Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done at University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center. 708 participants (99.02% of invited) were recruited in this study with a systematic random sampling technique. Interviewer administered questioner and physical examination were applied to collect the data. Blindness was defined as the presenting visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye according to the World Health Organization criterion for visual acuity. Data was entered with Epi Info 7 and imported into SPSS for coding and analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed to analyze the entered data. Adjusted odds ratio was used to show the strength of the association and variables with a P-value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
The proportion of blindness in this study was 14.3% (95% CI: 11.8-16.8). Low monthly income (AOR: 4.9; 95% CI: 1.4, 17.1), aged ≥ 60-69 (AOA: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.2, 7.6), and aged ≥ 70 years (AOR: 4.8; 95% CI: 1.9, 12.2) were positively associated with blindness. In this study, the leading cause of blindness was cataract (49.5%), followed by glaucoma (18.8%) and Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (9.9%).
The proportion of blindness was 14.3%. Cataract, glaucoma and AMD were the common causes of blindness. Low monthly income and older age were significantly increased the risk of blindness.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚贡德尔一家三级眼科护理培训中心成年患者的失明程度，确定病因及相关因素。
在贡德尔大学三级眼科护理与培训中心开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术招募了708名参与者（占受邀者的99.02%）。通过访谈者发放问卷和体格检查来收集数据。根据世界卫生组织视力标准，失明定义为较好眼的当前视力低于3/60。数据使用Epi Info 7录入，并导入SPSS进行编码和分析。对录入的数据进行描述性和分析性统计。调整后的优势比用于显示关联强度，P值<0.05的变量被视为具有统计学意义。
本研究中失明的比例为14.3%（95%置信区间：11.8 - 16.8）。月收入低（调整后的优势比：4.9；95%置信区间：1.4，17.1）、年龄≥60 - 69岁（调整后的优势比：2.9，95%置信区间：1.2，7.6）以及年龄≥70岁（调整后的优势比：4.8；95%置信区间：1.9，12.2）与失明呈正相关。在本研究中，失明的主要原因是白内障（49.5%），其次是青光眼（18.8%）和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）（9.9%）。
失明比例为14.3%。白内障、青光眼和AMD是失明的常见原因。月收入低和年龄较大显著增加了失明风险。
