SKJ Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Centre for Environment and Health, Peking University, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 1;410-411:34-40. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.004. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
Several studies reported acute mortality and morbidity effects of exposure to carbon monoxide (CO); which, however, has been least studied in Chinese population at regional scale.
We conducted a time-series analysis assessing mortality effects of CO in four cities located in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China, a labor and resource intensive city cluster, using daily mortality and air pollution data (2006-2008). Generalized linear model with Poisson regression incorporating natural spline functions was used to analyze the effects of exposure to ambient CO on total (nonaccidental), cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. Effect estimates were determined first for individual cities, and then focused for the mega-city Guangzhou.
We found exposure to CO was significantly associated with increased mortality in the mega-city of Guangzhou and medium-sized industrial city of Foshan. In specific, per 0.5ppm increase in the average lag 1-2 (previous two days) exposure to CO was associated with 3.04% [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.18-3.90%], 3.62% (95% CI, 2.20-5.06%) and 3.72% (95% CI, 1.71-5.76%) increases in excessive risks (ERs) of total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, in Guangzhou. Further, we observed significant heterogeneity in mortality effects of exposure to CO among the four PRD cities of different development levels: stronger mortality effects were found in larger, more developed and industrialized cities.
Exposure to ambient CO is associated with significant increases in total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in Chinese population. CO is an established biologic toxicant, whereas the effects and possible mechanisms of exposure to ambient level of CO and co-pollutants warrant further investigation.
有几项研究报告了接触一氧化碳（CO）对急性死亡率和发病率的影响；然而，在区域范围内，针对中国人群的研究还很少。
我们进行了一项时间序列分析，评估了中国珠江三角洲（PRD）四个城市（一个劳动和资源密集型城市群）空气中 CO 对死亡率的影响，使用了每日死亡率和空气污染数据（2006-2008 年）。采用广义线性模型与泊松回归结合自然样条函数，分析了暴露于环境 CO 对总死亡率（非意外）、心血管死亡率和呼吸死亡率的影响。首先针对各个城市进行效应估计，然后聚焦于特大城市广州。
我们发现 CO 暴露与特大城市广州和中等规模工业城市佛山的死亡率增加显著相关。具体而言，滞后 1-2 天（前两天）的 CO 平均暴露每增加 0.5ppm，与总死亡率、心血管死亡率和呼吸死亡率的超额风险（ER）分别增加 3.04%（95%置信区间 [CI]，2.18-3.90%）、3.62%（95% CI，2.20-5.06%）和 3.72%（95% CI，1.71-5.76%）有关。此外，我们观察到 CO 暴露对不同发展水平的 PRD 四个城市的死亡率影响存在显著异质性：在更大、更发达和工业化程度更高的城市中，死亡率效应更强。
暴露于环境 CO 与中国人群的总死亡率、心血管死亡率和呼吸死亡率的显著增加有关。CO 是一种已确定的生物毒性物质，而暴露于环境水平的 CO 和共存污染物的影响和可能机制值得进一步研究。
