Neves Paulo C, Guerra Miguel, Ponce Paulo, Miranda José, Vouga Luís
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2011 Dec;13(6):619-25. doi: 10.1510/icvts.2011.284208. Epub 2011 Oct 6.
Bronchiectasis is characterized by irreversible widening of the medium-sized airways, with inflammation, chronic bacterial infection and destruction of the bronchial walls. Exercise or inspiratory muscle training may improve quality of life and exercise endurance in people with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Prolonged-use antibiotics improve clinical response rates, but may not reduce exacerbation rates or lung function. Surgery is often considered for people with extreme damage to one or two lobes of the lung who are at risk for severe infection or bleeding. In this review, the authors will focus on non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, pointing out the differences in management when compared with the cystic fibrosis context, with special emphasis on surgical management.
支气管扩张症的特征是中等大小气道不可逆性增宽，伴有炎症、慢性细菌感染以及支气管壁破坏。运动或吸气肌训练可能改善非囊性纤维化支气管扩张症患者的生活质量和运动耐力。长期使用抗生素可提高临床反应率，但可能无法降低急性加重率或改善肺功能。对于一侧或两侧肺叶严重受损且有严重感染或出血风险的患者，通常会考虑手术治疗。在本综述中，作者将聚焦于非囊性纤维化支气管扩张症，指出与囊性纤维化情况相比在管理上的差异，特别强调手术管理。
